Anthropological Collection (page 6)

Dancing woman in green serpentine

Homo neanderthalensis, Neanderthal Man cranium (Neanderthal
Cranium (cast) of Neanderthal 1, the original Neanderthal man discovered by workmen in 1856 in a cave at Neander Valley near Hochdahl, East of Dusseldorf, Germany

Australopithecus africanus cranium (Sts 5)
Cast reconstruction of cranium belonging to Australopithecus africanus discovered at Sterkfontein by Dr Robert Broom and J.T. Robinson in April 1947

Fuegians going to trade with Patagonians in Zapallos

Piltdown Man (Model based on Piltdown 1 & 2)

Homo habilis cranium (OH24)
Cast of a crushed cranium from Bed 1, Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania, (OH 24) known as Twiggy. Discovered by Discovered by Paul Nzube in 1968. The specimen dates back to between 1.75 and 2 m y a

Homo neanderthalensis (calpicus) cranium (Gibraltar 1)
Frontal view of an adult female Neanderthal cranium discovered at Forbes Quarry, Gibraltar. Its discovery was announced by Lieutenant Flint in 1848 and it is believed to be 50, 000 years old

Homo erectus femur (Trinil)
A cast of a Homo erectus femur originally discovered at the Trinil site on the Solo River, Java, Indonesia by Eugene Dubois between 1891 and 1892

Professor Chris Stringer with four hominid skulls
Top left: Modern Human (Europe). Top right: Modern Human (Africa). Bottom left: Gibraltar Neanderthal, Forbes Quarry. Bottom right: Broken Hiil Skull, Zambia

Goughs Cave excavation site
Excavations at Goughs cave, Cheddar, Somerset. The site of Goughs Cave was first discovered by R.C. Gough in 1903. It is a limestone cave on the east side of Cheddar Gorge

Human (Homo sapiens) Femur and Patella
The ball joint from the top end of a human femur and a patella (knee cap) which once belonged to a victim of the Mount Vesuvius eruption of AD 79 which buried the towns of Herculaneum and Pompeii

Still Searching At Piltdown
A general impression of the Piltdown Gravel Pit, East Sussex c. 1913, with the goose Chipper, and from left to right, Venus Hargreaves, Arthur Smith Woodward, Charles Dawson

Cranium and mandible (Piltdown 1 & 2)
Piltdown man cranium and mandible as reconstructed on the left by Dr. A Smith Woodward and on the right by Professor Arthur Keith

Flint hand axe (label)
Photograph of a human-made hand axe, which was discovered in 1859, and is thought to be about 400, 000 years old. This close-up of the label shows the date and initials J.P, for John Prestwich

Mate pots and bambillio illustration (p.118) from Charles Darwins Journal of Researches, John Murray illustrated edition, 1890

Chilian spurs, stirrup illustration (p.290) from Charles Darwins Journal of Researches, John Murray illustrated edition, 1890

Australopithecus africanus
Model of an adult female Australopithecus africanus reconstructed from remains found at Sterkfontein, South Africa. Probably lived about 2.5 million years ago

Upper Palaeolithic carvings 11 - 18, 000 years old
Top: Reindeer carved from the tip of a mammoth tusk from Montastruc, France. Bottom: Bone spear-thrower with reindeer carving from Laugerie Basse, France

Djebel Kafzeh, Qafzeh Cave, Israel
The cave 2.5 km south of Nazareth, Galilee where fossils of early modern Homo sapiens (Homo sapiens sapiens) were found in 1933 by R. Neuville, in 1935 by R. Neuville & M

H. neanderthalensis (Gibraltar 1) & H. heidelbergensis (Bro
Left: Cranium of Neanderthal man discovered at Forbes quarry Gibraltar in 1848. Right: Cranium of Broken Hill, or Rhodesian man (H. heidelbergensis) discovered at Broken Hill, Zambia in 1921

Selection of Homo sapiens Crania
Left to right: Modern European Skull, Predmosti Czech Republic modern human skull, Early Homo sapiens skull from Zhoukoudian, recent human skull from China

Homo neanderthalensis (Swanscombe 1) Cranium
Three cranial bones discovered at the Barnfield Gravel Pit, Swanscombe, Kent between 1935 and 1955. Both the date and species of these homind remains have been the subject over the last decade or so

Homo sapiens crania
Two crania belonging to early Homo sapiens dating back to around 30, 000 years old from upper cave site Zhoukoudian, China

Early Homo sapiens crania (Irhoud 1 & Qafzeh 6)
Left: Cranium (cast) of early Homo sapiens discovered at Jebel Irhoud, Morocco by Mohammed Ben Fatmi in 1961. Right: Cranium (cast) of early Homo sapiens discovered at Djebel kafzeh, Israel by R

Tabun Cave, Israel
Mugharet et-Tabun, cave in the Wadi el-Mughara, southern part of the Mount Carmel range, excavation site of Homo neanderthalensis

Homo heidelbergensis mandible (Mauer 1)

Neanderthal Man artifact (Tabun)
A tool thought to have been used by Neanderthal Man (Homo neanderthalensis) Discovered at Tabun, Israel

Homo erectus mandible (SK 15)
A cast of a mandible with six teeth belonging to Homo erectus. The original, known as SK 15 Member 2 was found at Swartkrans, South Africa

Australopithecus africanus mandible (MLD 2)
Mandible and teeth of an adolescent male (of about 12 years) Australopithecus africanus discovered at Makapansgat by A.R. Hughes and S. Kitching in July 1948

Homo erectus, Solo Man cranium (Ngandong 1)
The cranium cast of Solo Man discovered at Ngandong close to the Solo River on the island of Java, Indonesia. The specimen belonging to Homo erectus dates back to no later than 800, 000 years ago

Paranthropus robustus jaw bone
Lower jaws of Australopithecus robustus. A robustus lived between 1.8 and 1.5 million years ago in South Africa

Homo habilis fossil bed
Reconstruction of a Homo habilis (1 to 2 million years ago) living floor at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania. (Lower Palaeolithic)

Homo sapiens brain
A cast of a human (Homo sapiens) brain held at the Natural History Museum, London

A Homo habilis hammerstone
A hammerstone tool discovered at the Olduvia Gorge, Tanzania dating back to between 1.85 million years ago to 1.6 million years ago

Homo sapiens, Australopithecus, Neanderthal and Pan troglody
A display of models of hominids, including human, Australopithecus, Neanderthal and chimpanzee, on display in the Life Galleries at the Natural History Museum, London

Homo sapiens, Human cranium with brain
A model of a human (Homo sapiens) skull showing the brain the brain case. Held at The Natural History Museum, London

A Swanscombe Hand Axe
One of many hand axes that have been discovered at the Homo neanderthalensis site of Swanscombe, Kent which was inhabited about 500, 000 to 300, 000 years ago

Soapstone Venus
A cast of a figure of a woman, carved in soapstone. The original was discovered in the caves of Balzi Rossi, Italy and is now held at the Museum of the National Antiquities of Saint-Germain-en-Laye

H. neanderthalensis (Neanderthal 1) & H. neanderthalensis (S
A frontal view of the cranium of Neanderthal man discovered in Neander Valley, Germany with a Homo neanderthalensis cranium discovered at Swanscombe, UK

Shroud
Collected during the archaeological excavation at Christ Church, Spitalfields, London, 1984-1986

Homo Heidelbergensis, Rhodesian or Broken Hill Man (Broken H
The cranium and plaster cast belonging to Broken Hill Man (Homo Heidelbergensis) discovered at Broken Hill Mine, Kabwe, Zambia by T. Zwigelaar in June 1921. It dates back 130, 000 years

Hones for sharpening metal edges
The longest hone here dates back to the 12th century and was discovered in Winchester however the rock type matches specimens of schist from quarries in Eidsborg in Norway

Venus figurine from the Czech Republic
Female figure 27, 000 years old in fired clay from Moravia (Dolni Vestonice, Czech Republic). Gravettian culture, Upper Palaeolithic

Cotton winding sheet
Collected during the archaeological excavation at Christ Church, Spitalfields, London, 1984-1986

Modern Homo sapiens. A range of human remains (cranial and p
Cranium fragments belonging to Modern Homo sapiens dating back 12, 000 years ago discovered at Goughs Cave, Cheddar Gorge, Somerset

Modern Homo sapiens cranium (Skhul V)
A front view of a cast of Skhul V discovered in 1932 on Mount Carmel, Israel. The original specimen is held at Harvards Peabody Museum. This specimen dates between 80, 000 and 100, 000 years old

Modern Homo sapiens skull (Skhul V)
A three-quarter view of a cast reconstruction of fragments of skull discovered at the Skhul Cave, Israel. This specimen dates back to 105, 000 years ago. It is known as Skhul V

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