Anthropological Collection

Hominid crania
L to R: Australopithecus africanus; Homo rudolfensis; H.erectus; H. heildebergensis; H. neanderthalensis and H. sapiens. Arranged in chronological order these specimens (casts)

Australopithecus afarensis (AL 288-1) (Lucy)
A cast of the partial skeleton (nicknamed Lucy) of Australopithecus afarensis found at the Hadar, North East Ethiopia in 1974 by Donald Johanson

Australopithecus afarensis (AL 288-1) (Lucy)
A partial skeleton (nicknamed Lucy) of Australopithecus afarensis found at the Hadar, North East Ethiopia in 1974 by Donald Johanson

The Makapansgat Pebble
Three-million-year-old Makapansgat Pebble from South Africa. Perhaps the most ancient art object in the world. It is said to have been carried over a distance of four kilometers by Australopithecus

Venus of Brassempouy
The Venus of Brassempouy carved out of ivory some 18, 000 years ago and discovered in Brassempouy, France. Believed to have been carved during the last stage of the Upper Palaeolithic age

Neanderthal spear point
A spear point once belonging to that of Neanderthal Man (Homo neanderthalensis). This specimen was discovered in Gorhams Cave, Gibraltar

Paranthropus boisei (Zinjanthropus) cranium (OH5)
Cast of the cranium of a young male of Paranthropus boisei discovered by Mary Leakey in 1959 at Olduvai Gorge. The specimen which is the Holotype of Zinjanthropus boisei (Leakey 1959)

Homo neanderthalensis in action at Swanscombe, UK
An illustration by Angus McBride showing a group of Homo neanderthalensis on the ancient banks of the river Thames in modern day Swanscombe, Kent

Hall of Man sculptures by Malvina Hoffman
Double page spread from The Illustrated London News featuring editorial and photographs relating to the range of sculptures by the American female sculptor, Malvina Hoffman

Homo habilis in action
An illustration by Angus McBride showing Homo habilis using tools to kill an Antelope. Homo habilis lived in East Africa between 1.6 and 2 million years ago

Homo erectus, Java Man cranium (Sangiran 17) cast
Lateral view of partially reconstructed cranium of Homo erectus Java Man about 700, 000 years old known as Sangiran 17. Discovered by Towikromo in 1969

Hylobates sp. Pongo pygmaeus, Pan troglodytes, Gorilla gori
Gibbon, orangutan, chimpanzee, gorilla and human. Evidence as to Mans Place in Nature. Illustration published in Mans Place in Nature, Vol. 7 from a collection of essays by Thomas Henry Huxley, 1863

Australopithecus afarensis
Illustration by Maurice Wilson of extinct African hominids (Australopithecus afarensis) living 3-4 million years ago. They walked upright, although they retained the ability to climb trees

Homo heidelbergensis in action
A reconstructed scene by Angus McBride showing Homo erectus killing an elephant. Homo heidelbergensis lived for about 1.5 million years and is believed to have used sophisticated tools

A Tiki at Raroera Pah, New Zealand. Plate from The New Zealanders illustrated by George French Angas (1822-1886). Date: 1847

Australopithecine or Homo habilis foot (OH8) cast
Cast of a near complete foot (OH 8) from an Australopthecus or Homo habilis discovered at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania by Louis Leakey in 1960. It dates back to 1.75 million years ago

Upper Palaeolithic tools 18 - 30, 000 years old
L-R: a) Bone used to make needle blanks. b) Bone needle. c & d) Harpoon head and Barbed Point carved from antler. e & f) Two heads carved in mammoth ivory

Princess Nirgidma visits Citroen Central Asian Expedition
Princess Palta (Nirgidma), Princess of the Torghuts, a nomadic people in Central Asia visits the Citroen Central Asian Anthropological Expedition (3rd Mission, led by Haardt) at Ouroumtsi

South Africa Hottentot. Bush woman
Old photograph from the Collection anthropologigue du Prince Roland Bonapart

Five Maori Tombs - New Zealand. Mausoleum of E Tohi, the mother of Rauparaha, on the Island of Mana, in Cook's Straits (top)

Monument to Te Whero Whero's daughter, Raroera Pah
Monument made of carved wood to Te Whero Whero's favourite daughter at Raroera Pah. Plate from The New Zealanders illustrated by George French Angas (1822-1886). Date: 1847

Flint hand axe
Photograph of a human-made hand axe, which was discovered in 1859, and is thought to be about 400, 000 years old

Engraved mammoth tusk
Mammoth tusk engraved of Grevettian age. 25, 000 - 30, 000 years ago during the Upper Palaeolithic and within the great Stone Age from Dolni Vestonice, Moravia, Czech Republic

Quthing, Lesotho - Doll and Artwork of the San Bushmen
Southern Africa - Artwork of the San Bushmen - Quthing District in Lesotho (Basutoland). Hunters chase and throw spears toward an Eland and an Elephant

Quthing, Lesotho - Artwork of the San Bushmen
Southern Africa - Artwork of the San Bushmen - Quthing District in Lesotho (Basutoland). Four hunters chasing an Eland. Date: circa 1909

Te Maro - Te Amotutu - Ko Tariu - Maoris
Te Maro, a boy of Waikato (top left), Te Amotutu, a young chief of the Nga-Ti-Pou tribe (top right), and Ko Tariu, a chief of Taupo, with his wife (below) - Maoris

Maori Weapons and Implements of War, with Warriors preparing for a fight. Plate from The New Zealanders illustrated by George French Angas (1822-1886). Date: 1847

Homo erectus cranium casts Peking Man & OH9
Left: This skull is a reconstruction based upon evidence discovered at locality 1, Zhoukoudian Cave which date back 500, 000 years

Painted skull of Arius sp. crucifix fish
Specimen of the skull of a crucifix fish painted to resemble a statue of Jesus Christ on the cross. Often painted and sold as curios

Homo erectus, Java Man cranium (Sangiran 17)

Flint handaxe incorporating fossil echinoid
Cast of handaxe from Middle Gravels of Swanscombe, Kent. Loaned by Merseyside Museums; NHM E6870

Homo neanderthalensis, Neanderthal Woman (Tabun C1)
Model of Neanderthal woman (Homo neanderthalensis) based upon measurements taken from the fossil skeleton of a female Neanderthal discovered at Tabun, Israel, known as Tabun C1 who lived about 100

Pre-Incan. Mantena Culture. 500-1500 AD. From Ecuador
Pre-Columbian art. Pre-Incan. Mantena Culture. 500-1500 AD. From Ecuador. 21 x 15 cm (diameter). Anthropomorphic ceramic vessel. Private collection

Pre-Columbian art. Pre-Incan. Puruha Culture. 1300-1500. Anthropomorphic ceramic vessel. 17, 5 x 16 cm (diameter). From Ecuador. Private collection

Whatas or Patukas - Maori Food Storehouses. They are elevated from the ground by posts, to protect their contents from rats. Top left is an ordinary patuka for holding seeds

New Zealand Maori Ornaments and Decorations. They are an ear ornament, real or imitation teeth, grotesque figures (tiki), earrings, a tail feather, a shell, wooden combs, a fly catcher

Homo sapiens tibia
Two human bones from different sides of the Atlantic ocean used to show how syphillis was spread since its appearance in Naples in 1495

Homo sapiens cranium (Predmosti 3) cast

Skull showing bullet hole in right temple
Skull of adult male suicide case. Taken during the archaelogical excavation at Christ Church, Spitalfields, London, 1984-1986

Homo erectus, Java Man (Sangiran 17) cranium cast
Three quarter view of partially reconstructed cranium of Homo erectus Java Man about 700, 000 years old known as Sangiran 17. Discovered by Towikromo in 1969

Homo erectus crania (Ngandong 1 & Trinil)
The larger cranium belongs to Homo erectus discovered at Ngandong near to the Solo River on the island of Java, Indonesia

Homo neanderthalensis hunting in Swanscombe
A Homo neanderthalensis group hunting fallow deer on the banks of the river Thames at modern day Swanscombe, Kent 400, 000 years ago. Illustration by Angus McBride

Homo heidelbergensis, Boxgrove Man tibia
The tibia or shin bone of Boxgrove Man (Homo heidelbergensis) discovered in a quarry at Boxgrove, West Sussex, UK. The specimen dates back 500

Homo sapiens (Singa 1) cranium
A heavily mineralized cranium once belonging to that of Homo sapiens who lived about 130, 000 years ago. This specimen was discovered in Singa, Sudan by W.R.G. Bond in 1924

Homo sapiens, Cro-Magnon man head
A reconstruction of the head of Cro-Magnon man by Maurice Wilson, c. 1950. Cro-Magnon man is possibly Western Europes most famous anatomically modern human

The Furze Platt Hand Axe
The Furze Platt hand axe from the Acheulian culture (Lower Palaeolithic) about 400, 000 years ago. Found in Britain in 1919 the hand axe weighs 2.8 kilos and is 30.6 cm long

Homo sapiens cranium (Predmosti 3)
Frontal view of cranium and mandible (casts) of a Homo sapiens male aged 35-40 discovered at Predmosti, North East Moravia, Czech Republic. By K.J. Maska, June 1894. This specimen dates back 30, 000

Mousterian tools
A slide scraper and a pointed tool made from black flint of Mousterian age, 40, 000 - 55, 000 years old (Middle Palaeolithic), from Le Moustier, France

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