Geological Collection (page 4)

Sopwith Model XII: Mineral vein denudation
This model shows the influence of surface denudation and faulting on inclined strata, with increased complexity to the situation in Model VII

Sopwith Model VIII: Overcutting of strata
This model shows overcut strata: when the layers of rock are inclined at a gentler angle than the eroded slope, the resulting vee pattern points uphill

Sopwith Model VII: Surface denudation
This model shows the influence of surface denudation and faulting on otherwise flat, horizontal strata. The discontinuity between the beds as viewed at the surface can be seen

Sopwith Model X: Denuded basset of strata
This model shows undercut strata: when the layers of rock are inclined at a steeper angle than the eroded slope, the resulting vee pattern points downhill

Sopwith Model V: Dislocations of coal strata
This model shows that while very little coal may appear at ground level, coal seams (subject to faults and dislocations) can be found below the ground

Sopwith Model IV: Fallacious coal indications
This model depicts the scenario where from the surface an abundance of coal appears to exist, but there is actually very little quantity below

Sopwith Model III: Dislocation of strata
This model represents the side of a valley of denudation, with undisturbed horizontal beds of sedimentary rock when fully assembled

Sopwith Model I: Stratified rocks / denudation
Black lines in this model represent coal seams, between lighter shales and sandstones. When separated the lower section shows a gently inclined valley floor

Sopwith Model II: Coal strata nr Newcastle
Unlike the models of generic situations this representation of coal strata was specific to a particular surveyed location in England showing several thin, and mostly hidden, coal seams

Cover of Thomas Sopwiths Geological Model Set
Thomas Sopwith (1803 - 1879) was an eminent geologist and civil engineer who pioneered methods of representing geological features

Thomas Sopwiths Geological Model Set
Thomas Sopwith (1803 - 1879) was an eminent geologist and civil engineer who pioneered methods of representing geological features

Snow beds in the Th lonok Valley, Himalayas
Lithograph from Himalayan Journals by Joseph Dalton Hooker

The natural arches of Icononzo, Bolivia
Engraving of a sketch by Alexander Humboldt, 1810, of the natural geological formations that provide a crossing for the deep canyon Date: 1810

Tequendama Falls, Colombia
Engraving of a sketch by Alexander Humboldt, 1810 Date: 1810

Plate 25 from Mineralogie Volume 1 (1790)
Spath calcaire groupes sur mine de Fer en pyramide. Tire du Cabinet de Mr d Orcy. From Recuille complet de Mineralogie vol.1 (1790) by F.L. Swebach Desfontaines. Date: 1790

VILANOVA i PIERA, Joan (1821-1893). Agronomic map of Madrid municipal area. SPAIN. MADRID (AUTONOMOUS COMMUNITY). Madrid. Instituto Geol󧩣 o y Minero de Espa

North Geological Room - Megatherium
Black and white lantern slide capturing image of the British Museums North Geological Room with a megatherium skeleton in the centre

North Geological Room - Mastodon (British Museum)
Black and white lantern slide capturing anterior view of the British Museums North Geological Room with a Mastodon skeleton in the centre

Britain poster, Northern Ireland, The Giants Causeway, for The Travel Association. Date: circa 1948

Lourdes, France - The Betharram Caves Date: circa 1920s

Psiloceras planorbis, nacreous ammonite
These specimens of Psiloceras planorbis are Britains earliest ammonites. Part of the William Smith collection

Emerald
Possibly from the collection of Rt Hon Charles Greville in 1810. Emerald is a variety of beryl (beryllium aluminum silicate). The green colour attributed to small amounts of chromium

William Dickinson Lang (1878-1966)
Photograph of W.D. Lang. Archive reference PH/10/13

The largest mammoth tusk, 1931
A mammoth tusk from Siberia, nearly 14 feet long, just presented to the Natural History Museum, South Kensington, is believed to be the largest yet known. It is the gift from the Rowland Ward Trustees

Woodward Tablecloth

Mineralogy corridor
The mineralogy department within the Natural History Museum

Plate 48 from Mineralogie
Mine d Or granuleuse avec du Spath perle couleur de Rose. From Recuille complet de Mineralogie? vol.6 (1790) by F.L. Swebach Desfontaines

Plate 46 from Mineralogie
Mine jeaune de Cuivre coloree et en mamelons a Mr. Forster. From Recuille complet de Mineralogie? vol.5 (1790) by F.L. Swebach Desfontaines

Plate 37 from Mineralogie
Or natif en dendriet sur du quartz de Mr. Forster. From Recuille complet de Mineralogie? vol.6 (1790) by F.L. Swebach Desfontaines

Plate 3a from Histoire naturelle? (1789)
Plate 3a, Histoire Naturel Des Mineraux et de Pierres Precieuses, from Histoire naturelle: ou, Exposition des morceaux, les mieux choisis pour servir? (1789) by by Swebach Desfontaines

Richard Lydekker (1849-1915)
Photographic portrait of Richard Lydekker, an English naturalist and geologist

Plate 35 from Mineralogie
Mine de Cuivre vert Foieuse et en Mamelons. From Recuille complet de Mineralogie? vol.5 (1790) by F.L. Swebach Desfontaines

Plate 6 from Mineralogie
Mine de Fer en grains qui offre quelgues facettes de Mr. Forster. From Recuille complet de Mineralogie? vol.5 (1790) by F.L. Swebach Desfontaines

Plate 47 from Mineralogie
Pyrite Cuivreuse coloree avec fer Spatique et cristaux de roches. From Recuille complet de Mineralogie? vol.5 (1790) by F.L. Swebach Desfontaines

Plate 20. Mantells Geology of Sussex
Plate 20 from Illustrations of the Geology of Sussex, 1827 by G. A. Mantell

Title page of Darwins Researches
Researches in Geology and Natural History (1839) by Charles Darwin (1809-1882) open at its title page

Plate 6a from Histoire naturelle? (1789)
Plate 6a, Histoire Naturel Des Mineraux, from Histoire naturelle: ou, Exposition des morceaux, les mieux choisis pour servir? (1789) by by Swebach Desfontaines

Plate 45 from Mineralogie
Mine de Cuivre vitreuse rouge Cristallisee mellee de Vuivre natif et fleurs de Cuivre soieuse vertes. From Recuille complet de Mineralogie? vol.5 (1790) by F.L. Swebach Desfontaines

Plate 39 from Mineralogie
Tres rare Moceau de vitriol de Cuivre Fosile a cause de sa facle decompossion. From Recuille complet de Mineralogie? vol.5 (1790) by F.L. Swebach Desfontaines

Hannays diamond
No.1 of Hannays diamonds. Specimen held in the Mineralogy Department at The Natural History Museum, London

Geological timescale
A diagram showing geological time on earth as expressed in a spiral starting with earth in a molten state and progressing through deserts to the rise of mountain ranges and volcanoes

Francis Arthur Bather (1863-1934)

Junction of granite and limestone
Fig 88 from Principles of Geology, being an attempt to explain the former changes of the Earths surface. Vol. 3 1832-33 by Charles Lyell (1797-1875)

Tray of Precious Gemstones held in the mineralogy department of the Natural History Museum

The Mineral Gallery
An interior view of the Natural History Museums Mineral Gallery

Geological timetable
Page 13 from The Natural History Museum Book of Dinosaurs (1993)

Tray of Precious Gemstones held in the mineralogy department of the Natural History Museum

Plate 38 from Mineralogie
Beau Moceau de Malachite Rubanee de Siberie. From Recuille complet de Mineralogie? vol.5 (1790) by F.L. Swebach Desfontaines

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