Images Dated 17th April 2013 (page 38)

Spinel crystal and cut stone
Spinel (magnesium aluminium oxide) crystal from Ruby Mines, Mogok, Burma with spinel cut stone from Sri Lanka. Spinel is found in a red colour and has been previously mistaken for ruby

Vireo flavifrons, yellow-throated vireo
Plate 119 from John James Audubons Birds of America, original double elephant folio (1831-34), hand-coloured aquatint. Engraved, printed and coloured by R. Havell (& Son), London

Euparkeria
A model of Euparkeria. This was an early archosauriform, a type of carnivorous and terrestrial reptile that lived around 225 million years ago during the Early Triassic period

Lingula beani, brachiopod
This Jurassic lingulid brachiopod from Yorkshire is a tongue shaped brachiopod, and is composed of calcium phosphate with a shiny lustre which contrasts here with the clay matrix

Baryonyx walkeri
Illustration of Baryonyx based on fossil evidence discovered in the Lower Cretaceous the bed in Surrey in 1983 which dates back to 125 million years ago

Megaceryle alcyon, belted kingfisher
Plate 77 from John James Audubons Birds of America, original double elephant folio (1827-30), hand-coloured aquatint. Engraved, printed and coloured by R. Havell (& Son), London

Heterodontosaurus skull
The skull of a Heterodontosaurus dinosaur that lived around 105 million years ago. It was discovered in South Africa and measures 10 cms in length. The total body lengh would have been 90 cms

Plesiosaur
A plastic toy model of the extinct carnivorous marine reptile, Plesiosur, created by Invicta Ltd. The Plesiosaur lived throughout the Mesozoic (MZ)

Prosthemadera noveseelandiae, tui
Ff. 61. Watercolour painting by George Forster (1773) annotated Certhia cincinnata and made during Captain James Cooks second voyage to explore the southern continent (1772-75)

Chrysococcyx lucidus, shining bronze cuckoo
Ff. 57. Watercolour painting by George Forster (1773) annotated Cuculus nitens lucidus and made during Captain James Cooks second voyage to explore the southern continent (1772-75)

Elanoides forficatus, American swallow-tailed kite
Plate 72 from John James Audubons Birds of America, original double elephant folio (1827-30), hand-coloured aquatint. Engraved, printed and coloured by R. Havell (& Son), London

Ocean floor
Diagram of the main features of the ocean floor, including an oceanic ridge, island arc and sea mounts

Homo neanderthalensis (Kebarah) burial site
Burial site of Neanderthal Man (Homo neanderthalensis), 60, 000 years old from the Pleistocene, Kabara, Israel. On display in From the Beginning, Gallery 63

Diamonds fluorescing
Murchison snuff box set with diamonds fluorescing under ultra violet radiation. Gold snuff box set with diamonds ranging from 0.75 to 2.5 carats, presented to Sir R. I. Murchison by Tsar Alexander II

Iguanodon model at Crystal Palace
A concrete model of the Iguanodon, as conceived by Professor Sir Richard Owen. It is located in the grounds of Crystal Palace, London and was worked on by Waterhouse Hawkins and Joseph Paxton in 1854

Eudocimus albus, white ibis
Plate 222 from John James Audubons Birds of America, original double elephant folio (1834-35), hand-coloured aquatint. Engraved, printed and coloured by R. Havell (& Son), London

Tichodroma muraria, wallcreeper
A watercolour by Lady Mary Bentinck (c. 1833)

Setophaga ruticilla, American redstart
Plate 40 from John James Audubons Birds of America, original double elephant folio (1827-30), hand-coloured aquatint. Engraved, printed and coloured by R. Havell (& Son), London

Historia Naturalis Title Page
The title page from Historia Naturalis (Natural History) by Pliny the Elder. This 1st edition was published in Venice in 1469. Incunabulum, illuminated with watercolour and gold paint. 400mm x 270 mm

Anatase
A brown to black single tetragonal crystal of anatase (titanium oxide). Anatase is a polymorph of rutile and brookite, meaning they carry the same chemistry, but with a different structure

Phaethon lepturus, white-tailed tropicbird
Plate 262 from John James Audubons Birds of America, original double elephant folio (1834-35), hand-coloured aquatint. Engraved, printed and coloured by R. Havell (& Son), London

Natural History display at Montagu House
Staircase near the entrance of the old British Museum in Montagu House, 1845. This housed the original collection of the Natural History Museum, London. From a watercolour by George Scharf (1788-1860)

Birthstone Series: Sardonyx

Volcanoes on the early Earth
This is an artists impression of volcanoes frequently active on the surface of early Earth

Tyrannosaurus rex
An animatronic model of T.rex on display in the Dino Pit at the Natural History Museum, London

Venus of Brassempouy
Human head (three-quarter view) carved in mammoth ivory of Gravettian age 22, 000 - 30, 000 years old (Upper Palaeolithic), from Brassempouy, France

Tetrahedrite comprises of (copper antimony sulphide). This specimen displays flat-faced tetrahedral shaped crystals. Specimen is from the Natural History Museum, London

Bellis perenis, daisy petal
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of a daisy petal. Published in Close-Up (2004) by Chris Jones and Alex Ball (inside cover)

Larus glaucoides, Iceland gull
Plate 282 from John James Audubons Birds of America, original double elephant folio (1834-35), hand-coloured aquatint. Engraved, printed and coloured by R. Havell (& Son), London

Continental Drift
The world c.80 million years ago in Upper Cretaceous times, showing the break up of Pangaea. The continents of today start to become more familiar

Gideon Algernon Mantell (1790-1852)
Gideon Mantell was a British geologist/palaeontologist as well as a country doctor. His wife, Mary Ann, discovered some unusual fossil teeth

Ramphastos vitellinus, channel-billed toucan
Original oil painting on canvas by Nicholas Aylward Vigors, (1831). 48cm x 62cm

Lycoptera, bony fish fossil
Fossil of a bony fish found in jurassic China, 206-142 million years ago

Dendrocide excelsea (Wedd. ) Chew in Gard. Bull. Singapore
Annotated drawing by Ferdinand Bauer of Dendrocnide excelsa (Weddell) Chew (1965)

Sphalerite or zinc blende
Dark crystals of sphalerite or zinc blende comprised of (zinc iron sulphide). Specimen from the collections of The Natural History Museum, London

Acidaspis coronata, spiny trilobite
A spiny odontopleurid Silurian trilobite from Worcestershire, England preserved in limestone. The specimen length is 2.5 cms

Passerella iliaca, fox sparrow
Plate 108 from John James Audubons Birds of America, original double elephant folio (1831-34), hand-coloured aquatint. Engraved, printed and coloured by R. Havell (& Son), London

Todiramphus leucopygius, ultramarine kingfisher
Plate 55 from John Goulds The Birds of New Guinea, Vol. 4 (1875-88). Hand coloured lithograph

Aphis fabae, black bean aphid
Scanning electron microscope image showing a frontal view of a black bean aphid on leaf (x100). Aphids or plant lice are small, plant-sucking insects

Ectopistes migratorius, passenger pigeon
Plate 62 from John James Audubons Birds of America, original double elephant folio (1827-30), hand-coloured aquatint. Engraved, printed and coloured by R. Havell (& Son), London

Uvaria odorata, ylang-ylang tree
Illustration from the Botany Library Plate Collection held at the Natural History Museum, London

Numenius borealis, Eskimo curlew
Plate 208 from John James Audubons Birds of America, original double elephant folio (1834-35), hand-coloured aquatint. Engraved, printed and coloured by R. Havell (& Son), London

Siderite comprises of (iron carbonate) and is roughly the equivalent of calcite but with iron replacing the calcium. From Wheal Maudlin, Lanlivery, Cornwall

Professor Thomas Bell (1792-1880)
Portrait of Professor Thomas Bell, an English zoologist, surgeon and writer. Photographed by Maull & Polyblank, Photographers, c. 1854

Obsidian is a volcanic glass, which was originally lava that has been quickly cooled probably underwater. This is a banded specimen from New Zealand

Calamites sp. cast of trunk
Natural cast of trunk interior of Calamites sp. Approximately 40 cm in length. Curvature indicates that this specimen comes from near the base of the tree. Dates back to the late carboniferous period

Celastrina argiolus, holly blue butterfly
The holly blue feeds on holly and ivy flowers and whilst its caterpillars feed on the berries of these plants

William Pengelly (1812-1894)
Portrait of William Pengelly, a geologist. Pengelly left his indelible mark on the science of geology and cave exploration

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