Phanerozoic Collection (page 8)

Psaronius, tree fern
Polished section through the trunk of the tree fern Psaronius, width approximately 15 cm, from Chemnitz, Garmany, dating back to the Permian period, 250 - 299 million years ago

Pemmatites, lithistid sponge
This sponge originates from the Permian rocks of the Artic island of Spitzbergen

Doleorthis, brachiopod
Shown here is Doleorthis, a Silurian brachiopod. Brachiopods belong to their own phylum (Brachiopoda). General characteristics include a pair of protective shells

Lingula beani, brachiopod
This Jurassic lingulid brachiopod from Yorkshire is a tongue shaped brachiopod, and is composed of calcium phosphate with a shiny lustre which contrasts here with the clay matrix

Lycoptera, bony fish fossil
Fossil of a bony fish found in jurassic China, 206-142 million years ago

Calamites sp. cast of trunk
Natural cast of trunk interior of Calamites sp. Approximately 40 cm in length. Curvature indicates that this specimen comes from near the base of the tree. Dates back to the late carboniferous period

Palaeocene volcanic landscape, Antrim
An artists impression of Palaeocene (65 to 54.8 million years ago) volcanic landscape in Antrim, Northern Ireland, Britain

Marskea jurassica, conifer
A Middle Jurassic conifer shoot on a fallen block from the cliffs near Whitby, North Yorkshire

Stephanoceras humphriesianum, ammonite
This fossil cephalopod originates from the Inferior Oolite, Middle Jurassic rocks near Sherbourne, Dorset dating from about 170 million years ago

Cenoceras pseudolineatus, nautiloid
A section cut and polished through Jurassic nautiloid from Dorset, UK. Shows the internal chambers filled or partly filled with calcite. Diameter 7cm

Cyclophthalmus senior, insect
A scorpion-like terrestrial insect dating from the Carboniferous to the present

Archaeopteris hibernica, fossilised tree
A fossilised early tree (Archaeopteris hibernica) from the Upper Devonian, first thought to have been a fern frond. The lower section of the branch bears looses cones. Specimen from Kilkenny, Ireland

Sauropod skin impression
Dinosaurs belonging to the suborder of Sauropods (Sauropoda) like diplodocus had a relatively smooth skin covered in scales of different sizes

Platanaster ordovicus, starfish
This echinoid dates from the Ordovician period. Starfish belong to the Echinoderm spiney skinned and were mostly bottom dwellers. They are also characterised by five-fold symmetry

Euparkeria
A model of Euparkeria. This was an early archosauriform, a type of carnivorous and terrestrial reptile that lived around 225 million years ago during the Early Triassic period

Neuropteris, seed fern
Shown here is the Carboniferous seed fern plant, Neuropteris

Didymograptus murchisoni, graptolite
This is an Ordovician tuning-fork shaped graptolite from Wales. Graptolites are an extict group of marine, colonial animals

Cymatophlebia longialata, fossil dragonfly

Homo erectus, Acheulian man
An illustration of a lakeside campsite 400, 000 years ago of Acheulian man (Homo erectus) in the Quaternary Hoxnian Interglacial period, Lower Palaeolithic

Credneria triacuminata
A fossil leaf of Credneria triacuminata. Large leaves are indicative of humid tropical climates. This specimen is approximately 17cms wide, it was found in Heidelberg

Fossil shells
A selction of Mediterranean and Arctic shells from the Pliocene and Pleistocene crag of East Anglia

Ammonite marble
Asteroceras (large shells) and Promicroceras (small shells) ammonites, seen here in the polished surface of a specimen of marble originating from the Lower Lias, near Yeovil, Somerset

Mammuthus primigenius, woolly mammoth

Fossilised Tellinella rostralis, tellin bivalve
Fossilised specimen of a Tellin bivalve from Ecocene Belgium, 58 million years ago. Bivalves are hinged molluscs which first appeared in the Middle Cambrian some 500 million years ago

Dilophosaurus
The Dilophosaurus, meaning double crested lizard was a fast predatory dinosaur which lived about 200 to 189 million years ago during the Lower Jurassic. Fossils have been found in Arizona, USA

Symmetrocapulus, limpet
Fossilised specimen of a limpet found in the Jurassic limestone of Les Moutiers en Cinglais, France. 206-142 million years old

Plateosaurus
A fossil reconstruction of the hand and lower leg bones belonging to the dinosaur, Plateosaurus. These dinosaurs were wer herbivorous and may have used these sharp claws for defence

Fossilised Latimeria chalumnae, coelacanth
Fossilised specimen of the coelacanth (Latimeria chalumnae) found in Upper Jurassic, Lithographic Limestone, Bavaria

Glossopteris linearis, fossil leaves
Fossil leaves which lived as a deciduous bushy plant, preserved on a bedding plane of Permian siltstone (Old Agfa film - not possible to duplicate)

Acroceolites subtenius, belemnites
A fine group of belemnites (Acroceolites subtenius) preserved in soft Jurassic shale from Yorkshire. Longest specimen is 9cm long

Sivapithecus indicus
Illustration by Maurice Wilson of Sivapithecus indicus, thick coated enamelled apes from Turkey and Indo-Pakistan dating from 13 million years ago

Monograptus, graptolite
Shown here is Monograptus, a slender and delicate Silurian graptolite. Graptolites are the fossil remains of small colonial animals. Graptolite colonies were connected together by living tissue

Homo neanderthalensis (Kebarah) burial site
Burial site of Neanderthal Man (Homo neanderthalensis), 60, 000 years old from the Pleistocene, Kabara, Israel. On display in From the Beginning, Gallery 63

Thursius pholidotus, fossil fish
This shows a Devonian fish originating from the Old Red Sandstone near Thurso, Scotland

Insect in amber
An Eocene centipede trapped in Baltic amber about 35-40 million years old. Amber is a natural, translucent fossil resin

Millstone Grit, Stanage Edge, Derbyshire
A Millstone Grit outcrop at Stanage Edge, Derbyshire. Old, discarded mill stone wheels can bee seen in the foreground

Lates gracilis, bony fish
Specimen of an Eocene bony fish (lates gracilis)

Sigillaria laevigata, fossil lycopod bark
This carboniferous fossilised lycopod (prehistoric spore-bearing plants) bark specimen is 9 cm long

Calymene blumenbachii, trilobites
Specimens of this Devonian trilobite in various positions. Trilobites had a carapace, or shell. Trilobites were arthropods as crustaceans, spiders and insects are today

Jurassic seascape
Artists impression of a Jurassic sea with Ichthyosaur, Plesiosaur and Pterosaur. The Jurassic period was 205-144 million years ago

Halysites escharoides, tabulate coral
In this Silurian tabulate coral from Ohio Falls, USA, large numbers of tiny oval corallites are linked together to form chains

Thursophyton elberfeldense
Massed stick-like stems of early land plants preserved in a fine-grained shale block, approx. 27 cm wide. Thursophyton elberfeldense fossil

Pleistocene Britain
An artists impression of Britain at the time of the penultimate glaciation, from space during the Pleistocene period (1.8 million to 11, 000 years ago)

Ordovician Britain
An artists impression of an eroded Ordovician (490 to 443 million years ago) volcano and shore line near Builth Wells, Powys

Orthoceras, nautiloid
Shown here is Orthoceras, a straight Ordovician nautiloid

Temnocrinus tuberculatus (Miller)
A fossil specimen of Temnocrinus tuberculatus (Miller), a paleozoic crinoid dating back to the Silurian (440 million years ago), discovered in the Wenlock Limestone bed, Dudley, Worcestershire, UK

Oldest rocks on Earth

Cheiracanthus murchisoni, fossil fish
This is an early jawed acanthodian fish from the Devonian rocks of Banffshire Scotland. Length 5 cms

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