Lucas Collection (page 2)

Butterfly collectors tools from the 18th century: aerial net on a cane 1, scissors with racquets 2, small preservative brush 6, and soft brush to remove dust 9

Light crimson underwing, old lady, drinker and yellow-tail
Light crimson underwing, Catocala promissa, old lady, Mormo maura, drinker, Euthrix potatoria, and yellow-tail, Euproctis similis

Giant emperor moth, Saturnia pyri (Pavonia major). Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by Alexis Nicolas Noel from Hippolyte Lucas Natural History of European

Small emperor moth and tau emperor
Small emperor moth, Saturnia pavonia, male and female, and tau emperor, Aglia tau. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by Alexis Nicolas Noel from Hippolyte

Buff-tip, poplar lappet and lappet moth
Buff-tip, Phalera bucephala, poplar lappet, Gastropacha populifolia, and lappet moth, Gastropacha quercifolia. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by Alexis

Brown tiger moth, cream-spot tiger, ruby tiger
Brown tiger moth, Hyphoraia aulica, cream-spot tiger moth, Epicallia villica, ruby tiger, Phragmatobia fuliginosa, and muslin moth, Diaphora mendica

Tiger moth, garden tiger and hebe tiger
Tiger moth, Atlantarctia tigrina, garden tiger moth, Arctia caja, and hebe tiger moth, Arctia festiva. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by Alexis Nicolas

Scarlet tiger, clouded buff, wood tiger
Scarlet tiger moth, Callimorpha dominula, clouded buff, Diacrisia sannio, wood tiger, Parasemia plantaginis, and purple tiger, Rhyparia purpurata

Lime hawkmoth, eyed hawkmoth, and poplar hawkmoth
Lime hawkmoth, Mimas tiliae, eyed hawkmoth, Smerinthus ocellatus, and poplar hawkmoth, Laothoe populi. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by Alexis Nicolas

Deaths Head hawkmoth and oak hawkmoth
Deaths Head hawkmoth, Acherontia atropos, and oak hawkmoth, Marumba quercus. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by Alexis Nicolas Noel from Hippolyte Lucas

Convolvulus hawkmoth and privet hawkmoth
Convolvulus hawkmoth, Agrius convolvuli and privet hawkmoth, Sphinx ligustri. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by Alexis Nicolas Noel from Hippolyte Lucas

Bedstraw, elephant and pine hawkmoths
Bedstraw hawkmoth or galium sphinx, Hyles gallii, elephant hawkmoth, Deilephila elpenor, and pine hawkmoth, Sphinx pinastri

Vine hawkmoth, Mediterranean hawkmoth
Vine hawkmoth, Hippotion celerio, Mediterranean hawkmoth, Hyles nicaea, and small elephant hawkmoth, Deilephila porcellus

Hawkmoth varieties
Broad-bordered bee hawkmoth, Hemaris fuciformis, narrow-bordered bee hawkmoth, Hemaris tityus, hummingbird hawkmoth, Macroglossum stellatarum, and willowherb hawkmoth, Proserpinus proserpina

Seathorn hawk-moth, dusky hawkmoth and spurge hawkmoth
Seathorn hawk-moth, Hyles hippophaes, dusky hawkmoth, Hyles vespertilio, and spurge hawkmoth, Hyles euphorbiae. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by Alexis

Oleander hawkmoth and hummingbird moth
Oleander hawkmoth, Daphnis nerii, and hummingbird moth or white-lined sphinx, Hyles lineata. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by Alexis Nicolas Noel

Satyrus arachne, Satyrus evias, spring ringlet, Erebia epistgyne (vulnerable), and marbled ringlet, Erebia montana goante

Scotch argus, large ringlet, autumn ringlet and Arran brown
Scotch argus, Erebia aethiops, large ringlet, Erebia euryale, autumn ringlet, Erebia neoridas (ventral), and Arran brown, Erebia ligea (ventral)

Blind ringlet, almond-eyed ringlet, Piedmont
Blind ringlet, Erebia pharte, almond-eyed ringlet, Erebia alberganus, Piedmont ringlet, Erebia meolans, and sooty ringlet, Erebia pluto

Marbled white butterflies
Marbled white, Melanargia galathea, Iberian marbled white, Melanargia lachesis, Melanargia clotho and western marbled white, Melanargia occitanica

Meadow brown, eudore variety, ringlet and speckled wood
Meadow brown, Maniola jurtina, eudore, Satyrus eudora, ringlet, Epinephele hyperanthus, and speckled wood, Pararge aegeria

Woodland brown, large brown wall and wall butterfly
Woodland brown, Lopinga achine, large brown wall, Lasiommata maera, and wall butterfly, Lasiommata megera. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by Alexis Nicolas

Black satyr, Norse grayling and grayling female
Black satyr, Satyrus actaea, Norse grayling, Oeneis norna, and grayling, Hipparchia semele, female. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by Alexis Nicolas Noel

Dryad, striped grayling and great sooty satyr
Dryad, Minois dryas, striped grayling, Hipparchia fidia, and great sooty satyr, Satyrus ferula. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by Alexis Nicolas Noel

Great banded grayling, hermit and eastern
Great banded grayling, Brintesia circe, hermit, Chazara briseis, and eastern rock grayling, Hipparchia syriaca butterfly. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by

Southern festoon, Spanish festoon, false apollo
Southern festoon, Zerynthia polyxena, Spanish festoon, Zerynthia rumina, false apollo, Archon apollinus, and eastern festoon, Allancastria cerisyi

Cardinal butterfly, Argynnis pandora, dorsal and ventral views. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by Alexis Nicolas Noel from Hippolyte Lucas Natural History

Silver-washed fritillary and Niobe fritillary
Silver-washed fritillary butterflies, Argynnis paphia and Argynnis paphia valezina, and Niobe fritillary, Argynnis niobe. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by

High brown fritillary, dark green fritillary
High brown fritillary, Fabriciana adippe, dark green fritillary, Argynnis aglaja, and Queen of Spain fritillary, Issoria lathonia

Fritillary butterfly varieties
Marbled fritillary, Brenthis daphne, lesser marbled fritillary, Brenthis ino, pearl-bordered fritillary, Boloria euphrosyne, and violet fritillary, Boloria dia

Mountain apollo, small apollo and clouded apollo
Mountain apollo, Parnassius apollo, vulnerable, small apollo, Parnassius phoebus, and clouded apollo, Parnassius mnemosyne

Scarce swallowtail and unknown swallowtail
Scarce swallowtail, Iphiclides podalirius, and unknown swallowtail, Papilio ajax (suppressed name). (Eastern tiger swallowtail, Papilio glaucus)

Two-tailed pasha or foxy emperor, Charaxes jasius, dorsal and ventral views. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by Alexis Nicolas Noel from Hippolyte Lucas

Purple emperor butterfly and lesser purple emperor
Purple emperor butterfly, Apatura iris, ventral and dorsal, and lesser purple emperor, Apatura ilia. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by Alexis Nicolas Noel

Poplar admiral, common glider, and Hungarian glider
Poplar admiral, Limenitis populi, common glider, Neptis sappho, and Hungarian glider, Neptis rivularis. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by Alexis Nicolas

White admiral and southern white admiral
White admiral, Limenitis camilla, dorsal and ventral, and southern white admiral, Limenitis reducta. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by Alexis Nicolas Noel

Orange tip, sooty orange tip and wood white
Orange tip, Anthocharis cardamines, male and female, sooty orange tip, Zegris eupheme, and wood white, Leptidea sinapis. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by

Lofty bath white, brimstone and bath white
Lofty bath white, Pontia callidice, brimstone, Gonepteryx rhamni, and bath white, Pontia daplidice. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by Alexis Nicolas Noel

Moorland clouded yellow, cleopatra and pale clouded yellow
Moorland clouded yellow, Colias palaeno, cleopatra butterfly, Gonepteryx cleopatra, and pale clouded yellow, Colias hyale

Large white, clouded yellow and black-veined white
Large white, Pieris brassicae, clouded yellow, Colias croceus, and black-veined white, Aporia crataegi. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by Alexis Nicolas

Map and European beak butterflies
Map butterflies, Araschnia levana and Araschnia levana prorsa, and European beak or nettle-tree butterfly, Libythea celtis

Painted lady, false comma, and comma butterfly variety
Painted lady, Vanessa cardui, false comma, Nymphalis vaualbum, and comma butterfly variety, Polygonia c-album. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by Alexis

Large tortoiseshell, small tortoiseshell
Large tortoiseshell, Nymphalis polychloros, small tortoiseshell, Aglais urticae, and comma butterfly, Polygonia c-album. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by

Camberwell beauty, peacock and red admiral butterflies
Camberwell beauty, Nymphalis antiopa, peacock butterfly, Aglais io, and red admiral, Vanessa atalanta. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by Alexis Nicolas

Title page with decorative calligraphy among flowers and butterflies. Handcoloured steel engraving by the Pauquet brothers after an illustration by Alexis Nicolas Noel from Hippolyte Lucas Natural

Fall - Sealyham - 1949
ILMER CHERIE OF EASTFIELD Owned by Lucas. Her six puppies peer down on her from the suitcase they are sitting in. Date: 1943

Test pilots - Summers, Lucas, Bulman and Hindmarsh
Hawker test pilots: From left: F. Summers, P.G. Lucas, P.W.S. Bulman and John Hindmarsh

Straw hats by Otto Lucas Junior and Chez Elle
On the left: model wearing a plum straw hat with versatile brim by Otto Lucas Junior. To give her that natural, glowing look

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