Silicate Collection (page 6)

Amazonite

Agate moss

Agate dyed

Agate
Dyed agate

Agate
Botswana agate

Diamond with garnet
Red garnet crystal in an octagonal, step-cut diamond. Diamond comprises of compacted carbon and is the hardest natural substance known on Earth

Peridot group
Fine cut peridot of 146 carats (centre) with crystals and rough mass (right) from Zebirget, and Hawaiian basalt containing olivine crystals (left)

Benitoite crystal and cut stone
Benitoite was discovered in 1906 near the San Benito river in California which remains the only known locality for this (barium titanium silicate) mineral

Spodumene crystal and cut stone
Large spodumene (Lithium Aluminum Silicate) crystal and cut gemstone from Brazil

Agate
A cut and polished section of brown banded agate from Brazil. Agate (silicon dioxide) is a cryptocrystalline quartz

Topaz crystals and faceted topaz showing a diverse colour range. Topaz comprises of (aluminum silicate fluoride hydroxide)

Citrine and amethyst are both varieties of quartz (silicon dioxide)

Garnets
Faceted garnets showing a range of colours. Garnet is the birthstone of January

Kunzite crystal and cut stone
Strongly dichroic pink kunzite crystal and faceted kunzite. Kunzite (lithium aluminum silicate) is the pink variety of spodumene and is pleochroic

Labradorite carving

Zircons
Faceted zircons showing various colours and high lustre, from Sri Lanka. Zircon comprises of (zirconium silicate) and is not the same as the artificial gem cubic zircona

Topaz
Blue irradiated topaz pebbles and faceted topaz. Topaz is comprised of (aluminum silicate fluoride hydroxide)

Labradorite
A close-up of the surface of a rich blue specimen of the mineral labradorite from labrador. Labradorite (calcium sodium aluminum silicate)

Imitation emerald
A faceted teardrop synthetic emerald

Agate
A cut and polished section of blue agate from Idar-Oberstein, Germany. Agate (silicon dioxide) is a cryptocrystalline quartz

Green demantoid garnet in ring from the collection of Sir Arthur Herbert Church. Dementoid is the green variety of andradite garnet

Pink rubellite tourmaline
Chinese pendant carving in pink rubellite tourmaline

Emerald on calcite
Well-formed hexagonal crystals of emerald on calcite. Emerald is a variety of beryl (beryllium aluminum silicate). The green colour is attributed to small amounts of chromium

Topaz
Image of Queen Victoria carved in topaz. Topaz comprises of (aluminum silicate fluoride hydroxide)

Almandine garnets
Brooch set with almandine garnets. Almandine comprises of (iron aluminum silicate) and is the most common of the garnets

Beryl
Deposits of the green variety of beryl (beryllium aluminum silicate) known as emerald. Specimens oginally from Ekatrinberg, Russia, now at the Natural History Museum, London

Beryl
A specimen of beryl (beryllium aluminum silicate). There are several varieties of beryl, aquamarine (blue), emerald (green), goshenite, heliodor and morganite

Emerald, a variety of beryl
A cut teardrop stone and a prismatic crystal of the green variety of beryl (beryllium aluminum silicate) known as emerald. Specimen from the Natural History Museum, London

Almandite
A crystal and a cut stone of almandite, a deep red garnet comprised of (iron aluminum silicate). Specimen from the collections of the Natural History Museum, London

Amethyst is the purple variety of quartz (silicon dioxide) and is a popular gemstone

Tourmaline
A specimen of the mineral and gemstone tourmaline from Itambacury Theophilo Ottoni, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Benitoite cut stone
Benitoite was discovered in 1906 near the San Benito river in California which remains the only known locality for this (barium titanium silicate mineral)

Potentilla nivea L. snow cinquefoil
Sketch 2, Newfoundland Volumes. From a collection of original drawings and sketches by Georg Dionysius Ehret (1708-1770). Held in the Botany Library at the Natural History Museum, London

Yellow fluorite
A specimen of yellow fluorite (calcium fluoride) with white quartz (silicon dioxide) and brassy chalcopyrite, from Caradon Mines, Liskeard, Cornwall

Observing structure of rock
Looking at fresh granite under a microscope to study structure, granular composition can clearly be seen

Banded iron formation
3, 000 million year old specimen of banded iron-rich chert from the Murchison Goldfield, Western Australia. The banding derives from differing amounts and oxidation state of the iron composite

Shale
Compacted platy clay particles give shales their typical laminated structure. Shale is a sedimentry rock which is composed of many fine-grained clay particles

Sandstone is formed by loose grains of quartz compacted and cemented together

Beryl
From left to right, different varieties of berly (beryllium aluminum silicate) cut stone; emerald, aquamarine, morganite and heliodor

Mesolite is comprised of (hydrated sodium calcium aluminum silicate). Its needle-like crystals formed inside a gas bubble in cooling volcanic rock

Muscovite
A specimen of muscovite (Potassium aluminum silicate hydroxide fluoride) with hematite and limonite inclusions, from Adelaide Australia

Quartz
A quartz specimen (silicon dioxide) from San Juan del Rey, Minas Gerias, Brazil

Garnet

Charoite
Vase and rough specimen with a polished face of purple charoite, black aegerine augite, grey microcline and orange tinaksite from Yakutusk, Russia - the only location where this mineral occurs

Quartzite

Absorption spectrum of zircon
Refractometer spectrum of the mineral zircon (zirconium silicate). Ziricon can be found to have a multi faceted crystals

Cordierite variety Iolite
It is famous for its pleochroism, appearing intense blue in one direction but becoming almost colourless as the stone is turned. Cut stone, faceted girdle, 19.69 ct

Topaz crystal
An imperial topaz crystal from Brazil, length 101mm long. Topaz comprises of (aluminum silicate fluoride hydroxide)

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