Independence Collection (page 16)

HMS Ramillies bombarding Turkish positions
Birds eye view (taken from a seaplane) of the British warship HMS Ramillies bombarding Turkish positions in the Gulf of Ismid in early July 1920

Willem De Zwiger
Willem van Oranje, known as de Zwiger (the Silent) meets with other patriots at Enkhuizen : outlawed by the Spanish, he is now acknowledged as the leader of Dutch independence

Siege of Alkmaar
The Spanish besiege Alkmaar, but are foiled by the towns heroic resistance, which will come to symbolise the Dutch determination to win their independence from Spain

Riots in Brussels - 1
Barricades in the streets of Brussels as the Belgians seek independence from Holland

Riots in Brussels - 2
Barricades in the streets of Brussels as the Belgians seek independence from Holland

Demo at Warsaw
A huge popular demonstration in the streets of Warsaw, at the end of World War One, in support of the Allies who, they hope, will at last give them independence

Krakow Annexed
In defiance of a treaty guaranteeing independence, Austria annexes Krakow : there are protests from England and other countries

Turks Take Missolonghi
After several tries, the Turks under Ibrahim Pasha take Missolonghi (now Mesalongion) from the Greeks, massacring many - 3000 Greek heads are displayed on the walls

Riots in Brussels - 3
Manning the barricades in the streets of Brussels as the Belgians seek independence from Holland

Riots in Brussels - 4
Firing a cannon in the streets of Brussels as the Belgians seek independence from Holland

Insurgent Hq
The headquarters of general Bentkowski, one of the leaders of the Polish forces fighting for the independence of their country from Russian rule

Tercentenary - 1
The Netherlands celebrate three hundred years of independence : the scene at the gate of Brielle

Insurgents Camp
The encampment near Michalowicz of the insurgents supporting Langiewicz, who is emerging as the leader of the movement for Polish independence

Students Celebrate
Students at the University of Athens, most of them wearing national costume, celebrate 25 years of independence from Turkish rule

Independence - 1
Following a disagreement with the king of Sweden, Norwegian ministers resign, and this leads to a declaration of independence : the ministers form a provisional government

War with Russia - 2
Bolshevik Russia attempts to seize the new republic of Poland, but the Poles fight for their independence with patriotic fervour : Russian prisoners and their captors

War with Turks - 1
Montenegro is continually at war with the Ottoman empire to ensure its independence : the Montengran camp at mount Kerstatz, near Cattaro

Albanian Outpost
During the on-going struggle for independence from the Ottoman rule, Albanian nationalists man an outpost at Jabliak, on the edge of lake Scutari

Fighting the Turks
An incident in the struggle for Serbias independence from Ottoman rule : Serbian commander Mihailo Ilik leads an attack on the Turks at Tcemerniza

Lammert Van Meliszoon
Nobody seems to know anything about Lammert Meliszoon van Westzanen, least of all us. But maybe he was a hero of the Dutch struggle for independence

War with Russia - 1
When Bolshevik Russia attempts to seize Poland, the Poles fight for their independence with patriotic fervour : Polish cavalry in the streets of Warsaw

Antwerp Attacked
The Spanish storm Antwerp

Tercentenary - 2
Despite the rain, the citizens of Amsterdam are determined to celebrate three hundred years of independence : the scene at the Dam

Vlissingen Battle
The port of Vlissingen (Flushing) is one of the first Dutch towns to assert its independence from Spain : in June 1572 a battle takes place between Dutch & Spanish ships

Alvas Statue
After he is safely out of the way, the statue of the hated Alva is dragged through the streets by the citizens of Antwerp

Solferino / Beauce
BATTLE OF SOLFERINO Napoleon III on the field of battle, which resulted in a defeat for the Austrians, marking the beginning of Italian independence

Lord Dudley Stuart, (1803-1854)
Portrait of Lord Dudley Coutts Stuart, leading advocate of Polish Independence, engraved in 1843

Veterans of the War of 1812; New York, 1865
Illustration showing two veterans of the American War of Independence (of 1812), greeting each other in the streets of New York, 1865

Greece Missolonghi
Famous as the deathplace of the poet Byron, who had come to Greece to help their struggle for independence from the Turks, but died here of a faver

France Villefranche
Formerly Villafranca in Italy, Villefranche on the Cote d Azur was ceded to France along with Nice and Savoy in return for Frances aid in Italian independence

Aerial Attack on Venice
The Austrians seek to subdue the independence-loving Venetians by aerial bombardment, using balloons - one of the first instances of aerial warfare

Carlo Alberto, king of Piedmont, joins in the war for independence from Austria

Catania Bombarded
Catania, Sicily, stronghold of the independence movement, is bombarded by the warships of the kingdom of Naples and Two Sicilies

Volunteers from Naples
Led by their belligerent princess, liberals from Naples volunteer to help Piedmont in her battle for independence from the Austrians

Garibaldi & Carlo A
The meeting between Garibaldi and Carlo Alberto, king of Piedmont, when the king is persuaded to join in the war for independence from Austria

Storia Di Due Anni
Title page of Vecchis Storia di due anni which recounts the history of two crucial years in the history of Italy - the struggle for and the achievement of independence

Constitution in Napoli
Though Ferdinando of Naples /Two Sicilies opposes independence, he grants a fairly liberal constitution which delights the populace

Demo at Firenze
Demonstrations outside the Palazzo Pitti, Firenze (Florence) in favour of independence

Battle of Monterey
At the battle of Monterey, the Americans under general Worth storm Independence Hill, enabling them to dominate the Mexican position in the Obispado (Bishops Palace)

Papal Ban at Ancona
Ancona, seeking independence, is placed under a ban by pope Gregorius XVI : newspapers encouraging resistance are smuggled in by balloon

Burgoyne Surrenders / 1777
General Burgoyne surrenders at Saratoga, handing his sword over to General Gates

Cornwallis Surrenders
Cornwallis surrenders at Yorktown

Murat to Corsica
Joachim Murat switches sides on news of Napoleons return from Elba, sailing to Corsica in a doomed effort to establish Italian independence

Proclama Di Rimini
Joachim Murat issues a proclamation inciting the people of Rimini to unity and independence

TRUCE OF 1609
The Dutch celebrate the truce of Antwerp with Spain, which effectively terminated the war and secured the independence of the Netherlands

Volunteers for Cuba
Regime change in Spain encourages some Cubans to seek independence : in Spain, volunteers prepare to go to Cuba to suppress the insurrection

Fighting in Barcelona
Fighting at the gate, Barcelona : the Catalonians are caught up in the Carlist Wars in addition to their own wishes for independence

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