Hydroxide Collection

Kaolinite
Scanning electron microscope image of kaolinite (x 4.00K). Its a common phyllosilicate mineral, its structure is composed of silicate sheets bonded to aluminum oxide/hydroxide layers

Linarite is a bright azure blue colour with crystal growth to nearly 25mm. It comprises of (lead copper sulphate hydroxide). Specimen from the Natural History Museum, London

Nephrite jade
A specimen of nephrite jade from New Zealand. Nephrite is actually not a mineral outright, but is a variety of the mineral actinolite (calcium magnesium iron silicate hydroxide)

Serpentine cup
A mottled serpentine ornamental cup or tazza on a black marble base. The mineral serpentine is composed of (magnesium iron silicate hydroxide)

Antigorite and bowenite
Group of two specimens of antigorite (above) and two specimens of antigorite var. bowenite below. Both these specimens comprise of (magnesium iron silicate hydroxide)

Psilomelane
A bright black botryoidal mass of psilomelane. Psilomelane comprises of (barium manganese oxide hydroxide). Specimen from Monkstone mine, Brent Tor, Devon

Topaz comprises of (aluminum silicate fluoride hydroxide). This is a specimen from the collections of the Natural History Museum, London

Libethenite
Wedge-shaped, dark green crystals of libethenite (copper phosphate hydroxide) with pale brown duftite. Specimen from the Phoenix mine, Lnkinhorne, Cornwall

Schultenite comprises of (lead arsenate hydroxide) and derives from the phosphates group. Specimen from the Natural History Museum, London

Manganite (manganese oxide hydroxide), characterized by short prismatic crystals. This specimen is held at the Natural History Museum, London

Wardite is comprised of hydrated sodium aluminum phosphate hydroxide. This bright green specimen has been deposited in variscite nodules

Connellite
Deep-blue velvety crust of needles with some red cuprite. Connellite comprises of (hydrated copper sulphate chloride hydroxide). Specimen from Wheal Muttrell, Gwennap, Cornwall

Sohngeite

A selection of topaz cut stones
Topaz is the hardest silicate mineral and comprises of (aluminum silicate fluoride hydroxide)

Topaz
A crystal and a cut topaz stone from the collections of the Natural History Museum, London. Topaz comprises of (aluminum silicate fluoride hydroxide)

Talc

Hemimorphite
A specimen of the mineral hemimorphite (hydrated zinc silicate hydroxide). This mineral was formerly known as calamine

Kernite is composed of hydrated sodium borate hydroxide with transparent crystals. Kernite is also an important ore of borax. Specimen from the Natural History Museum, London

Augelite comprises of (aluminum phosphate hydroxide). This specimen has well developed semi-transparent crystals and is from the Natural History Museum, London

Lazulite comprises of (magnesium iron aluminum phosphate hydroxide) not to be confused with lazurite - as it looks and sounds the same is a rare ornamental and gemstone

Brochantite
A specimen of the mineral brochantite (copper sulphate hydroxide) from the Fowey Consols mine, St Blazey, Cornwall. A rippled green mass of minute crystals, with similar (but blue-green) langite

Topaz crystals and faceted topaz showing a diverse colour range. Topaz comprises of (aluminum silicate fluoride hydroxide)

Topaz
Blue irradiated topaz pebbles and faceted topaz. Topaz is comprised of (aluminum silicate fluoride hydroxide)

Topaz
Image of Queen Victoria carved in topaz. Topaz comprises of (aluminum silicate fluoride hydroxide)

Adamite
A specimen of the mineral adamite (zinc arsenate hydroxide). It is a fluorescent mineral, popular among collectors and shows bright green fluorescent under UV lights

Conichalcite
A specimen of the mineral conichalcite (calcium copper arsenate hydroxide). This mineral holds orthorhombic crystals and belongs in the Adelite group

Liroconite comprises of (hydrated copper aluminum arsenate hydroxide). It is blue in colour and forms from the oxidation of copper ores. Specimen from the collections of the Truro Museum, Cornwall

Azurite
A specimen of the mineral azurite (copper carbonate hydroxide) from Chessy, Dept Rhone, France

Muscovite
A specimen of muscovite (Potassium aluminum silicate hydroxide fluoride) with hematite and limonite inclusions, from Adelaide Australia

Malachite
An Octagonal column of the mineral malachite. Malachite is a green mineral, (copper carbonate hydroxide), and is often used as a semi-precious stone

Topaz crystal
An imperial topaz crystal from Brazil, length 101mm long. Topaz comprises of (aluminum silicate fluoride hydroxide)

Hemimorphite crystals enclosed in rock crystal
Hemimorphite, formerly known as calamine is comprised of (hydrated zinc silicate hydroxide). Magnification = x1.2

Kornerupine (magnesium aluminum iron boro-silicate hydroxide) is a rare boro-silicate mineral which occurs in a range of greens and browns - this emerald colour is exceptional

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