Homo Neanderthalensis Collection

Homo erectus (Sangiran 17), H. sapiens (?) H. neanderthalens
L to R, cast of Homo erectus, (Sangiran 17), Sangiran, Java, 700, 000 years old; cast of recent Homo sapiens skull from South East Asia; cast of Neanderthal skull from La Ferrassie, France, 50

Neanderthal spear point
A spear point once belonging to that of Neanderthal Man (Homo neanderthalensis). This specimen was discovered in Gorhams Cave, Gibraltar

Homo neanderthalensis in action at Swanscombe, UK
An illustration by Angus McBride showing a group of Homo neanderthalensis on the ancient banks of the river Thames in modern day Swanscombe, Kent

Cro-magnon and Neanderthal skull comparison
Side view comparison of casts of Cro-Magnon skull from Brno, Czech Republic, Upper Palaeolithic (right), and Neanderthal skull from La Chapelle, France, Middle Palaeolithic (left)

Neanderthal skull
Skull of an adult, female neanderthal

Hominid reconstructions in chronological order
From left to right: Australopithecus, Early Homo erectus (Java Man), Late Homo erectus (Peking Man), Homo heidelbergensis (Rhodesian Man), Neanderthal man and Homo sapiens (Cro-Magnon)

Homo neanderthalensis, Neanderthal Woman (Tabun C1)
Model of Neanderthal woman (Homo neanderthalensis) based upon measurements taken from the fossil skeleton of a female Neanderthal discovered at Tabun, Israel, known as Tabun C1 who lived about 100

Homo neanderthalensis and Homo heildebergensis
Left: Cranium of Neanderthal man discovered at Forbes quarry Gibraltar in 1848. Right: Cranium of Broken Hill, or Rhodesian man (H. heidelbergensis) discovered at Broken Hill, Zambia in 1921

Homo neanderthalensis (Ferrassie 1) cranium cast
Cranium cast of an adult male Neandertal Man (Homo neanderthalensis) discovered at La Ferrassie, Dordogne, France, by D Peyrony and L. Captian in 1909. The original specimen dates back 70, 000 years

Homo neanderthalensis hunting in Swanscombe
A Homo neanderthalensis group hunting fallow deer on the banks of the river Thames at modern day Swanscombe, Kent 400, 000 years ago. Illustration by Angus McBride

Homo neanderthalensis
A model head of Neanderthal man (Homo neanderthalensis) created by Maurice Wilson. Neanderthal man is believed to have lived between around 130, 000 and 35, 000 years ago

Homo neanderthalensis, Neanderthal man model
A model reconstruction of a Neanderthal family situated within a cave. Neanderthal lived between 135, 000 to 35, 000 years ago

Homo neanderthalensis (Ferrassie 1) cranium
Cranium and mandibula cast of an adult male Neandertal Man (Homo neanderthalensis) discovered at La Ferrassie, Dordogne, France, by D Peyrony and L. Captian in 1909

Homo neanderthalensis (calpicus) cranium
First skull of an adult female Neanderthal, Homo neanderthalensis, about 50, 000 years old. Unearthed in 1848 in Gibraltar. Date: 1848

Hoxnian anters, bones & hand axe from Swanscombe
Part of a deer antler, fragment of elephant bone and flint hand axe all discovered at Swanscombe, Kent, south of the River Thames

Homo neanderthalensis cranium (Tabun 1)
Front view of the skull of a female Homo neanderthalensis discovered at Tabun at Mt. Carmel, Israel. The specimen known as Tabun 1 dates back to around 100, 000 year ago

Homo neanderthalensis, neandertal man
The installation of a cranium (cast) considered to be that of a Neandertal man (Homo neanderthalesis). It was discovered in a cave diposit at Atapuerca-Sima de Los Huesos, Spain

Homo neanderthalensis, neanderthal man
The installation of a cranium (cast) considered to be that of a Neanderthal man (Homo neanderthalesis). It was discovered in a cave diposit at Atapuerca-Sima de Los Huesos, Spain

Amud Cave, Israel
A photograph of Amud Cave where in 1961, remains of Neanderthal man (late archaic Homo sapien) were discovered

Homo neanderthalensis, Neandertal Man skeleton
Life size model of a male Neandertal (Homo neanderthalensis) skeleton. This was created using a modified modern human skeleton and replicas of Neandertal fossil bones

Homo neanderthalensis, Neanderthal Man skeleton
Life size model of a male Neanderthal (Homo neanderthalensis) skeleton. This was created using a modified modern human skeleton and replicas of Neanderthal fossil bones

Vanguard cave, Gibraltar
Exterior view of Vanguard Cave, Gibraltar which has been excavated by palaeontologists. Discoveries of interest include chert flake tools and charcoal beds

Neanderthal excavation, 1998
Palaeoanthropologists from the Natural History Museum, London search for evidence of Neanderthal habitation, 1998

Homo neanderthalensis, Neanderthal Man burial site (Teshik-T
Reconstruction of a Neanderthal (Homo neanderthalensis) burial site based on remains discovered at Teshik-Tash, Uzbekistan dating back 70, 000 years

Homo neanderthalensis (Kebarah) burial site
Burial site of Neanderthal Man (Homo neanderthalensis), 60, 000 years old from the Pleistocene, Kabara, Israel. On display in From the Beginning, Gallery 63

Homo sapiens (Predmosti) & Homo neanderthalensis (La Ferrass

Proconsul, Homo heildebergensis & Homo neanderthalensis cran
L to R: Cranium of Proconsul, an extinct primate that lived 18 million years ago; Homo heildebergensis (Broken Hill 1) discovered in Zambia; and Homo neanderthalensis (Gibraltar 1)

Homo neanderthalensis, Neanderthal mans flake tool
A flake tool discovered at Tabun, Israel belonging to Neanderthal Man (Homo neanderthalensis) dating back 100, 000 years

Homo neanderthalensis, Neanderthal Man cranium (Neanderthal
Cranium (cast) of Neanderthal 1, the original Neanderthal man discovered by workmen in 1856 in a cave at Neander Valley near Hochdahl, East of Dusseldorf, Germany

Homo neanderthalensis (calpicus) cranium (Gibraltar 1)
Frontal view of an adult female Neanderthal cranium discovered at Forbes Quarry, Gibraltar. Its discovery was announced by Lieutenant Flint in 1848 and it is believed to be 50, 000 years old

Professor Chris Stringer with four hominid skulls
Top left: Modern Human (Europe). Top right: Modern Human (Africa). Bottom left: Gibraltar Neanderthal, Forbes Quarry. Bottom right: Broken Hiil Skull, Zambia

H. erectus, H. heidelbergensis, H. neanderthalensis, H. sapi
Rear views: Homo erectus ( Sangiran); Homo heidelbergensis ( Broken Hill); Homo neanderthalensis ( La Ferrassie) & Modern Homo sapiens, ( Polynesia)

Excavating neanderthal remains
Excavation work which featured in a press conference at the Natural History Museum, London, December 1997

Neanderthal artifacts
Stone tools believed to once have belonged to Neanderthal Man (Homo neanderthalensis) who lived in Gorhams Cave, Gibraltar

H. neanderthalensis (Gibraltar 1) & H. heidelbergensis (Bro
Left: Cranium of Neanderthal man discovered at Forbes quarry Gibraltar in 1848. Right: Cranium of Broken Hill, or Rhodesian man (H. heidelbergensis) discovered at Broken Hill, Zambia in 1921

Gibraltar excavation
Excavation of Neanderthal fireplace at Vanguard Cave, Gibraltar. (Middle Palaeolithic)

Homo neanderthalensis (Swanscombe 1) Cranium
Three cranial bones discovered at the Barnfield Gravel Pit, Swanscombe, Kent between 1935 and 1955. Both the date and species of these homind remains have been the subject over the last decade or so

Gorhams Cave, Gibraltar
A view of Gorhams Cave from the sea. Neanderthal artifacts have been found, dating from the Middle Palaeolithic inside this cave system

Tabun Cave, Israel
Mugharet et-Tabun, cave in the Wadi el-Mughara, southern part of the Mount Carmel range, excavation site of Homo neanderthalensis

Neanderthal stone tools
Tools believed to have once belonged to Neanderthal Man (Homo neanderthalensis) discovered at Gorhams cave, Gibraltar

Neanderthal Man artifact (Tabun)
A tool thought to have been used by Neanderthal Man (Homo neanderthalensis) Discovered at Tabun, Israel

Homo sapiens, Australopithecus, Neanderthal and Pan troglody
A display of models of hominids, including human, Australopithecus, Neanderthal and chimpanzee, on display in the Life Galleries at the Natural History Museum, London

A Swanscombe Hand Axe
One of many hand axes that have been discovered at the Homo neanderthalensis site of Swanscombe, Kent which was inhabited about 500, 000 to 300, 000 years ago

H. neanderthalensis (Neanderthal 1) & H. neanderthalensis (S
A frontal view of the cranium of Neanderthal man discovered in Neander Valley, Germany with a Homo neanderthalensis cranium discovered at Swanscombe, UK

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