Hominidae Collection (page 2)

Hoxnian anters, bones & hand axe from Swanscombe
Part of a deer antler, fragment of elephant bone and flint hand axe all discovered at Swanscombe, Kent, south of the River Thames

Homo heidelbergensis cranium (Petralona 1)
An adult male cranium (cast) discovered at the foot of Katsika Hill, Petralona, south east of Thessaloniki, Greece. The specimen dates back 400, 000 years. It was discovered by J

Homo erectus cranium (OH9)
The cranium (cast) of Homo erectus discovered at Bed II, site LLK at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania by Louis Leakey in 1960. This specimen is the Holotype of Homo leakeyi. This specimen dates back c

The Malay Archipelago
Title page of The Malay Archipelago, The Land of the Orang-Utan and the Bird of Paradise. A Narrative of travel with studies of Man and Nature. By Alfred Russel Wallace, 1874

Homo sapiens cranium (Qafzeh 11)
Lateral view of a cast of the Qafzeh child (Early Modern Homo sapiens) discovered at Djebel kafzeh, Israel by B. Vandermeersch, 1965-1969, dating back to around 100, 000 years

Homo ergaster cranium (KNM - ER 3733)
Homo ergaster cranium from Koobi Fora, Area 104, Kenya. Cast of KNM - ER 3733. side view. Scale in cms. This specimen discovered in 1975 by Bernard Ngeneo dates back to 1.6 million years ago

Paranthropus robustus cranium with perforations
Cast of cranial bones of Paranthropus robustus with two perforations probably made by a leopard. Original skull from Swartkrans, Transvaal, S. Africa

Homo rudolfensis cranium (KNM - ER 1470)
Homo habilis cranium from Koobi Fora, Area 131, Kenya. Cast of KNM - ER 1470 (1st reconstruction). Three-quarter view. Scale in cms

Homo sapiens cranium (UC 101)
Skull UC 101 discovered at the upper cave (Shandingdong), Zhoukoudian, China. This specimen belonging to Modern Homo sapiens dates back to 30, 000 years ago

Archaic Homo sapiens cranium (Laetoli 18)
A front view of a cranium belonging to Archaic Homo sapiens dating back to 150, 000 years ago. This specimen known as Laetoli 18 was discovered within the Ngaloba bed at Laetoli in Tanazania

Casts of Australopithecus boisei jaw bones
Casts of Upper jaw (left) of Australopithecus (Paranthropus) boisei from the Olduvai Gorge; lower jaw (right) of Australopithecus (Paranthropus) boisei from Peninj

The Anthropomorpha of Linnaeus
An illustration by Bontius (1658) of early impressions of the Orangutan. The picture was published in Thomas Huxleys Evidence as to Mans Place in Nature (1883)

Homo sapiens, human and Gorilla gorilla, western gorilla
Drawing of a human skeleton and a gorilla skeleton. Published in Transactions of the Zoological Society of London Vol. 5, Part 1 by Richard Owen, 1866

Homo erectus cranium (Ngandong 12)
The cranium (cast) of a young adult male discovered at Ngandong on the Solo River terrace near Randublatung, Java. It was excavated by C. ter Haar and team in 1931-33. This specimen dates back c

Homo erectus, Java man
A model of Homo erectus, known as Java man, based on fossil evidence found in archaeological sites along the Solo River, Indonesia. The fossils date back to around 500, 000 to 800, 000 years ago

Homo erectus, Peking man
A model head of Homo erectus known as Peking man, based upon evidence discovered at Zhoukoudian Cave (Locality 1), China dating back 500, 000 years. This model was created by Maurice Wilson

Pongo pygmaeus, orangutan and Gorilla gorilla, western goril

Bronze sculpture of Chimpanzee head
Bronze sulpture of Chimpanzee head in the Primate gallery at the Natural History Museum, London

Pongo pygmaeus, bornean orangutan
A specimen of Pongo pygmaeus, bornean orangutan

Homo neanderthalensis, Neandertal Man skeleton
Life size model of a male Neandertal (Homo neanderthalensis) skeleton. This was created using a modified modern human skeleton and replicas of Neandertal fossil bones

Homo neanderthalensis, Neanderthal Man skeleton
Life size model of a male Neanderthal (Homo neanderthalensis) skeleton. This was created using a modified modern human skeleton and replicas of Neanderthal fossil bones

Homo erectus, Peking man cranium (reconstruction)
Reconstruction of a female Homo erectus cranium based upon the remains from many individuals discovered at Zhoukoudian Cave (Locality 1), China dating back 500, 000 years

Pan troglodytes, chimpanzee

Pongo pygmaeus, orang-outang
The muscles of the Pongo pygmaeus from Orang-Outang sive Homo Sylvestris: or, The Anatomy of a Pygmie Compared with That of a Monkey, an Ape, and a Man by Edward Tyson, 1699

A Tropical Bathing-Place
Plate 10 taken from The Life and Habits of Wild Animals, illustrated by designs by Joseph Wolf, London 1874

Pan paniscus, pygmy chimpanzee
Photographed by Frank Greenaway

Sivapithecus indicus
Illustration by Maurice Wilson of Sivapithecus indicus, thick coated enamelled apes from Turkey and Indo-Pakistan dating from 13 million years ago

Homo neanderthalensis, Neanderthal Man burial site (Teshik-T
Reconstruction of a Neanderthal (Homo neanderthalensis) burial site based on remains discovered at Teshik-Tash, Uzbekistan dating back 70, 000 years

Homo sapiens (Predmosti) & Homo neanderthalensis (La Ferrass

Paranthropus boisei (OH5)

Gorilla gorilla, gorilla

Paranthropus sp. (left) and Homo erectus (right)
Illustration by Maurice Wilson. 2 to 1.5 million years ago parts of Africa were populated by these two hominids. Paranthropus foraged peacefully but here is threatened by Homo erectus

Homo neanderthalensis, Neanderthal Man cranium (Neanderthal
Cranium (cast) of Neanderthal 1, the original Neanderthal man discovered by workmen in 1856 in a cave at Neander Valley near Hochdahl, East of Dusseldorf, Germany

Pongo sp. Mandible and molar (Piltdown 1 & 2)
Lateral lingual view of Piltdown 1 mandible with Piltdown 2 left molar. Held at The Natural History Museum, London

Pongo sp. Mandible with canine (Piltdown 1)
Left lateral view of the Piltdown mandible reported to be that of a newly found homind species in 1913 but then revealed as a forgery in 1953. Specimen held at The Natural History Museum, London

Bronze bust of a chimpanzee

Homo sapiens skeleton (Omo 1)
The skeleton of Homo sapiens discovered by Richard Leakeys team in 1967 at Kibish, north west of Camp Kenya, East of the Omo River, Eithiopia. Dated 130, 000 years old

Gorilla, November 1897
The gorilla shown in an aggressive posture became a popular museum highlight. Epitomised in the 1933 film, King Kong, sensationalist reports by early explorers influenced the way these animals were

Homo erectus femur (Trinil)
A cast of a Homo erectus femur originally discovered at the Trinil site on the Solo River, Java, Indonesia by Eugene Dubois between 1891 and 1892

Professor Chris Stringer with four hominid skulls
Top left: Modern Human (Europe). Top right: Modern Human (Africa). Bottom left: Gibraltar Neanderthal, Forbes Quarry. Bottom right: Broken Hiil Skull, Zambia

Homo heidelbergensis (Broken Hill) & Homo erectus pelvis (
Side view comparison of pelvis (ischium) of a male Homo heidelbergensis, (Broken Hill E719) and a cast of Homo erectus Pelvis (OH28) discovered at Olduvai Gorge

Djebel Kafzeh, Qafzeh Cave, Israel
The cave 2.5 km south of Nazareth, Galilee where fossils of early modern Homo sapiens (Homo sapiens sapiens) were found in 1933 by R. Neuville, in 1935 by R. Neuville & M

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