Fragment Collection

Pharaoh Amenhotep I. Egypt
Pharaoh Amenhotep I. Painting on stucco. New Kingdom. 20th Dynasty. 1152-1145 BC. Thebes. Grave 359. Neues Museum. Berlin. Germany

Pergamon Altar. Hecate fighting against the giant Klytios ne
Pergamon Altar. Built by order of Eumenes II Soter. 164-156 BC. Marble and limestone. Gigantomachy. South frieze. The three-faceted goddess Hecate fighting with a torch

Minoan art. Crete. Prince of the Lilies. Dated circa 1550 BC. Brings the Minoan belt and headdress made A?a?A?a?of lilies and peacock feathers. Fresco from the palace of Knossos

Meteorolites and meteorites
An engraving of meteorites by J. Sowerby, 1812. Illustration comes from the Sowerby Collection

Skull of Neanderthal (Homo neanderthalensis). Krapina. Croatia. Natural History Museum. London. United Kingdom

The Murchison CM2 carbonaceous chondrite
Murchison fell in September 1969, in Victoria, Australia. It is rich in indigenous (i.e. not terrestrial contaminant) amino acids and other organic molecules

Ford on the River Lea
The Ford on the River Lea, Waterend, east of Wheathampstead, Hertfordshire, England. The lane is a fragment of a Roman Road, pointing towards Welwyn. Date: 1930s

Fragment from the Nibelungenhandschrift
A fragment from the Nibelungenhandschrift, describing the betrayal by Sigfrid (Siegfried) of his love. Date: 14th century

Old Chinese Manuscript
Fragment from a manuscript of the Uigur dynasty : figures are shown writing and reading, and one is playing a lute-like musical instrument

Ancient Roman shoes and sandals
Imperial Roman footwear from the Trajan Column 1, Roman footwear from the Palazzo Mattei 2, sandal from a fragment found at Palestrina 3, and a Roman sandal from a figure in the Casa Giustiniani 4

Fragment of the Column of Marcus Aurelius, Rome, Italy. Depicting Roman legionnaires and lions in a river. Framinento della colonna Antonina

Cow Goddess Hathor nursing Pharaoh Horemheb
Fragment of a granite statue depicting cow goddess Hathor nursing Pharaoh Horemheb. Reign of Horemheb. New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty, ca. 1319-1292 BC. Date: 13th century BC

Antiphonal (Incunable Fragment)
Two consecutive leaves from an incunable antiphonal, parchment. Text in black ink with red rubrics. Musical notation in a German gothic hufnagel style on a 5-line stave printed in red with F

Gradual (Fragment)
Fragment of a gradual, parchment. This is only a small part of a larger leaf and has been badly damaged by its use as a binding fragment. Date: 14th Century

Noted Breviary (Incunable Fragment)
Fragment of a leaf from an incunable breviary, parchment. Includes printed 4-line staves but the musical notation has not been added

Sacramentary (Incunable Fragment)
Two consecutive bifolios from an incunabula, parchment. Part of a liturgical text, probably a sacramentary but possibly a missal. Date: Late circa 15th Century

Noted Hymnal (Fragment)
Leaf from a hymnal, parchment. Text in a gothic script in two columns interspersed with musical notation in a German gothic hufnagel style on a 4-line stave with C marked. Date: 13th Century

Noted Breviary (Fragment)
Leaf from a noted breviary, parchment. The text is a series of lessons based on the Gospel of John (identified passages include John 7)

Noted Missal (Fragment)
Parchment leaf, probably from a missal, cut to about 1/3 of its original size. The liturgical text on this fragment is from the Second Book of Kings, featuring the widow visiting the prophet Elisha

Paper and Parchment Binding Fragments
Fragments of paper and parchment salvaged from the binding of a book. Two pieces of parchment are from the same document, possibly a letter or deed

Antiphonal (Fragment)
Two vellum leaves from an antiphonal. Possibly two halves of a bifolium. Text contains chants for St Elizabeth of Hungary, St Celia and St Clement. Date: Late circa 13th Century

Fragments of Codex Justinianus and Digesta
Ten strips of parchment manuscripts cut to similar size and shape, probably used to reinforce the spines of later bindings. They all appear to be from Justinian's Codex and Digesta

Epistles of St Augustine
Fragment from the Epistles of St Augustine, parchment. This is a long strip that has been cut from a folio-sized leaf, there is approximately half a column of text plus the edge of another column

Moralia in Job (Fragments)
Two non-consecutive folios from a manuscript copy of St Gregory's Commentary on Job (the Moralia in Job of Pope Gregory the Great). Main body text in two columns with red rubrics

Arator De Actibus Apostolorum (Fragment)
Parchment leaf containing several texts in different hands. Probably originally from a copy of Arator's Acts of the Apostles or De Actibus Apostolorum

St Jerome's Commentary on the Prophet Amos (Fragment)
Half of a leaf from a copy of St Jerome's Commentary on the Prophet Amos (Commentariorum Sancti Hieronymi In Amos Prophetae), parchment

De Libero Arbitrio (Fragments)
Two fragments of leaves from a copy of De Libero Arbitrio (On Free Choice of Will) by St Augustine. Both are from Book 3 although not from the same leaf. Date: circa 9th Century

Epistles of St Jerome (Fragment)
Bifolium from a religious commentary, possibly an edition of the Epistles of St Jerome, or similar, parchment. Main body text in brown in a single column in a Caroline minuscule

Unknown Texts (Fragment)
Bifolium from an unknown work or works, possibly relating to canon law, parchment. Date: 14th - circa 15th Century

Biblical Commentary (Fragments)
Two leaves from a Biblical commentary, parchment. From the same manuscript, possibly two halves of a bifolium, although the text is not consecutive

Justinian Institutiones (Fragment)
Leaf from a copy of Justinian's Institutiones, parchment. Main body text in two columns in black in a protogothic hand with alternating red and blue decorated initials and red

Sacramentary (Fragment)
Leaf from a liturgical text, possibly a sacramentary, parchment. The text contains various prayers and instructions. Text in black in a single column in a Caroline minuscule hand with red capitals

Liturgical Text (Fragment)
Leaf from a liturgical text, either a missal or a breviary, parchment. Text in a single column in dark brown ink in a Caroline minuscule with red capitals and rubrics. Date: circa 11th Century

Psalter (Fragments)
Parts of three bifolia from a psalter, parchment. Text in a single column in a Gothic rotunda script in dark brown ink with alternating red and blue decorated capitals and larger red

Statutes for Elections (Fragment)
Bifolium from an unidentified text, possibly a work such as book of statutes or constitution for a monastic community, on parchment

Decretales Gregorii IX (Fragments)
Fragments of two leaves from the same manuscript, not consecutive, parchment. The text is from the Decretals of Gregory IX or Decretales Gregorii IX, also known as the Liber Extra, Book III

Theological Text (Fragment)
Part of a bifolium, parchment. Fragment of an unknown theological text. Main body text in black in two columns. The bifolium is cut vertically through column A on folio 2

Bible (Fragment)
Leaf from a Bible, parchment. Main body text in a rounded Gothic script in black in two columns. No coloured pigments. Date: circa 14th Century

Minute Fragments
Two minute fragments of different manuscripts, found together. Both paper. Date: circa 13th Century

Ritual (Fragment)
Fragment of a bifolium, probably from a ritual book or Rituale Romanum, parchment. Main body text in black ink in a Caroline minuscule with red capitals and rubrics

Calendar (Fragment)
Leaf of a calendar, possibly from an obit book. The leaf is for the month of November. Date: circa 15th Century

Liber Sextus Decretalium (Fragment)
Leaf from a copy of the Liber Sextus Decretalium or Decretals of Pope Boniface VIII, parchment. Main body text in two columns in a cursive documentary script

Preface to Martial's Epigrammata by Merula
Two attached folios, paper, probably the endpaper and first leaf of a volume. Folio 1, which would have been the endpaper

Table of Moveable Feasts and De Partibus Orationis
Two leaves, one large and one small, both paper. The larger leaf is a Tabula des festes mobilibus (table of moveable feasts) and the smaller leaf is an explanatory note in the same hand

Legal Text? (Fragment)
Two fragments from the same manuscript, parchment. Original text unknown. Text is in a cursive documentary script in brown in a single column recto and verso on both fragments

Graecismus (Fragment)
Four double leaves, parchment, believed to be from a copy of Graecismus by Eberhard de Bethune, which was a popular grammatical poem dating from c.1212. Date: 14th Century

Philosophical Text (Fragment)
Bifolium from an unidentified text, parchment. Content seems to be a commentary of philosophical and religious nature. The text on each folio is written in two different but near-contemporary hands

Gregory Homilia in Evangelia (Fragment)
Single leaf of parchment, cut to size for use as a binding cover. The text is from Homilia in Evangelia by Pope Gregory I

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