Fossil Collection (page 18)

Angelina, stretched trilobite
Angelina grew up to a length of 6cm. The thorax was made up of 15 segements with spines. Trilobites were arthropods and had exoskeletons as crustaceans, spiders and insects do today

Edmontosaurus laboratory work
Palaeontologists working on the dinosaur, Edmontosaurus. Applying a resin solution hardener to consolidate and protect freshly prepared fossil bones; here the ankle

Workers at Piltdown

Swimming crab fossil
Fossilised specimen of a swimming crab found in Folkestone, England. Swimming crabs still inhabit British shores today. They have flattened, paddle-like back legs to assist in swimming

Monograptus, graptolite
Shown here is Monograptus, a slender and delicate Silurian graptolite. Graptolites are the fossil remains of small colonial animals. Graptolite colonies were connected together by living tissue

Busycon contrarium, lightening whelk
Fossilised specimen of the Pilocene gastropod, originating from Florida, USA, 5 million years ago. The lightening whelk has a long siphonal canal

Thursius pholidotus, fossil fish
This shows a Devonian fish originating from the Old Red Sandstone near Thurso, Scotland

Insect in amber
An Eocene centipede trapped in Baltic amber about 35-40 million years old. Amber is a natural, translucent fossil resin

Temnodontosaurus platyodon (Conybeare)
The skull of Temnodontosaurus platyodon, an Ichthyosaurus which lived between 201 and 194 million years ago in the Lower Jurassic. It was discovered by Mary Annings brother in 1811 in Lyme Regis

Sigillaria laevigata, fossil lycopod bark
This carboniferous fossilised lycopod (prehistoric spore-bearing plants) bark specimen is 9 cm long

Calymene blumenbachii, trilobites
Specimens of this Devonian trilobite in various positions. Trilobites had a carapace, or shell. Trilobites were arthropods as crustaceans, spiders and insects are today

Paranthropus boisei (OH5)

Thursophyton elberfeldense
Massed stick-like stems of early land plants preserved in a fine-grained shale block, approx. 27 cm wide. Thursophyton elberfeldense fossil

Chrysopilus sp. fossil fly in amber
This Baltic amber specimen is Oligocene and from East Prussia. It has been polished to make a pendant with the beautifully preserved fly as a centre piece

Temnocrinus tuberculatus (Miller)
A fossil specimen of Temnocrinus tuberculatus (Miller), a paleozoic crinoid dating back to the Silurian (440 million years ago), discovered in the Wenlock Limestone bed, Dudley, Worcestershire, UK

Architectonica sp. sundial shell
Fossilised specimen of a sundial shell found in Orciano, Italy

Cheiracanthus murchisoni, fossil fish
This is an early jawed acanthodian fish from the Devonian rocks of Banffshire Scotland. Length 5 cms

Fossilised Mesolimulus
This fossil, Mesolimulus, a horseshoe crab, is an impressive 40 centimetres long. Preserved in the fine mud of a lagoon in Solenhofen, Germany, about 150 million years ago

Neuropteris, fossil plant
Neuropteris, a seed fern plant dating from the Carboniferous period

Birthstone Series: Sardonyx
A specimen of Sardonyx, a variety of quartz, from the Natural History Museum, London. Sardonyx is the birthstone for the month of August (along with Peridot). Photographed by Harry Taylor

Onoclea hebridica, fossil fern
A fossil fern from the Palaeocene of the Isle of Mull

Abliguritor niger, fossil spider in amber
This Oligocene spider, about 1 cm long, is encased in amber from the Baltic

Eusthenopteron foordi
A fossil specimen of the head and pectoral fin of Eusthenopteron foordi, an Upper Devonian reptile from Scaumenac Bay, P.Q. Canada

Annularia sphenophylloid, fossil horsetail
This specimen is more commonly known as fossil horsetail. The leaves of this fossil plant form rosette-like shapes

Homo sapiens, Red Lady of Paviland (Paviland 1)
A Femur stained red with ochre from the oldest known modern human burial in Britain which dates back 26, 500 years. The specimen has been named The Red Lady of Paviland

Acer trilobatum, miocene maple seeds
Miocene maple seeds originating from an Acer trilobatum

Pterodactyl kochi

Coeloria labyrinthifor, fossil brain coral
In this polished section of a Miocene brain coral, from Antigua, long meandering corallites with thin septa form a dense meshwork. The specimen measures 8 cm across

Homo neanderthalensis, Neanderthal mans flake tool
A flake tool discovered at Tabun, Israel belonging to Neanderthal Man (Homo neanderthalensis) dating back 100, 000 years

Eryops skeleton on display at the Natural History Museum, London. This creature was a carnivorous amphibian which lived in the Permian era about 250 million years ago

Fossilised Archaeogeryon peruvianus, Miocene crab
Fossilised specimen of the Miocene crab (Archaeogeryon peruvianus). Nicknamed Edward Scissorhands, this crab lived some 22 million years ago off the shores of South America

Diplodocus foot
Detail of the replica diplodocus skeleton on display at the Natural History Museum. The three inner toes of the back foot had sharp claws which may have acted as an anti-slip device

Calymene blumenbachii, trilobite
A well-known convex Silurian trilobite originating from Worcestershire, England. Trilobites were arthropods as crustaceans, spiders and insects are today

Sabal lamanonis Brongniart
A fossil palm frond from Aix en Provence, France. It is recorded as Upper Eocene, about 45 and 55 million years ago. This specimen is 32 cm long. The specimen number is V16880

Protaxocrinus tuberculatus (Miller)
A fossil specimen of Protaxocrinus tuberculatus (Miller), a crinoid, dating back to the Silurian period (440 million years ago), discovered in the Wenlock Limestone bed, Dudley, Worcestershire, UK

Protoceratops eggshell
Fossilized Protoceratops eggshell that was discovered in the Gobi Desert, Mongolia. They date back to around 100 million years ago to the Upper Cretaceous period. Protoceratops was a herbivore

Fossilised Acanthochirana cordata, prawn
Fossilised prawn specimen from Solenhofen, Germany dating from the Upper Jurassic, 250 million years ago

Typhis pungens, gastropod

Edmontonia
The collar plates that once belonged to Edmontonia, the armoured herbivorous dinosaur that lived 76 to 78 million years ago during the Upper Cretaceous. Fossils have been found in Alberta, Canada

Bothriolepis canadensis, armoured fossil fish
This specimen is an amoured Devonian fish originating from Quebec

Stylina alveolata, reef coral
A reef building coral originating from Jurassic limestones in Europe, eastwards into Asia Minor, and also in the U.S.A

Ichthyosaur, Stenopterygius quadriscissus (Quenstedt) close-
This Ichthyosaur has been preserved with the broken-up skeletons of the unborn young inside. A fourth may have just been born - its skeleton can be seen below her tail

Hemicidaris intermedi, Jurassic sea urchin
This specimen is particularly well-preserved retaining its spines where they fell around the animal as it died

Plegiocidaris coronata, sea urchin
A fossil echinoid or sea-urchin from the Jurassic rocks of Ulm, Germany

Dimorphodon macronyx
The fossil skull and lower jaw belonging to Dimorphodon macronyx. It was a giant flying reptile, or Pterosaur that lived during the Lower Jurassic period

Megalosaurus thigh bone
A human thigh-bone figured as item 4 on TAB VIII by Dr. R Plot in The Natural History of Oxfordshire in 1677 is actually a dinosaur thigh-bone, probably Megalosaurus

Myedactylus flecheri (Salter)
A fossil specimen of Myelodactylus fletcheri (Salter) dating back to the Silurian period (440 million years ago), discovered in Wenlock Limestone bed, Dudley, Worcestershire, UK

Insects in copal
Two flies trapped in copal from East Africa - Rhagio sp. and Chrysopilus sp. Specimens date from modern to pleistocene (2 million years ago). Copal is a more mature form of amber

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