Extrusive Rock Collection

Basalt bomb
Geological specimen collected by Scotts British Antarctic Expedition 1910-1913, also known as the Terra Nova expedition. It had a broad scientific programme and collected thousands of geological

Microscope image of the Pasamonte eucrite
Microscopic image of the Pasamonte eucrite showing a basaltic texture. Field of view is 2.5mm across

Moon rock fragment from the last Apollo space mission, Apollo 17, encased in perspex on a wooden plaque. The thumbnail-size rock is around 3.7 billion years old

Basalt columns, Real del Monte mine, Mexico
Engraving of a sketch by Alexander Humboldt, 1810 Date: 1810

Quartz-feldspar porphyry
Geological specimen collected by Scotts British Antarctic Expedition 1910-1913, also known as the Terra Nova expedition. It had a broad scientific programme and collected thousands of geological

Plate XXXXIV: Lava Samples
Pl XXXXIV. Observation on the volcanoes of the two Sicilies, Naples, 1776 & 1779 compiled by Sir William Hamilton (1730-1803) while Ambassador to the Kingdom of Naples

Basaltic dyke, collected by Dr Benza in Neilgherries, India, c.1837. NHM specimen number: BM 649

Basalt tuff, collected by Dr Benza at a hillock just north of Napoleons Tomb, St Helena, c.1837. NHM specimen number: BM 861

Kenyte lava
Geological specimen collected by Scotts British Antarctic Expedition 1910-1913, also known as the Terra Nova expedition. It had a broad scientific programme and collected thousands of geological

Volcanic glass, Peles hair
Scanning electron microscope image of a sample of volcanic glass from Mt. Pele, produced to evaluate different types of laser in Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Black basalt lava
This basalt lave has cooled quickly and gas bubbles have formed into balls of fragile, needle-sharp crystals of zeolite minerals

Surface of the early Earth
An impression by Barry Evans of what the surface of the Earth may have looked like when it was very young, and still forming

Volcanoes on the early Earth
This is an artists impression of volcanoes frequently active on the surface of early Earth

Submarine volcanic eruption
A submarine volcanic eruption may often produce a Tsunami or trigger earthquakes. One of a series (including image numbers 185 to 190) showing various forms of volcanic eruption

Tenorite is comprised of (copper oxide). It is found as grey to black metallic crystals and as a by-product of lava flows. Fibrous specimen from the Natural History Museum, London

Volcanic Activity
Block diagram showing various types of volcanic activity. One of a series of diagrams (including image numbers 185 to 190) showing volcanic activity

Igneous activity
A block diagram depicting various types of igneous activity. Fig 65 from The Story of the Earth (1977), a Geological Museum booklet

Lava-flow from Edinburgh volcano
A specimen of lava-flow that erupted from the haunch vent down the flanks of the volcano to its present resting place on Whinny Hill

Oceanic and continental crust
A cross section of the Earths surface showing the continental crust on the left and oceanic crust on the right. Beneath the surface layer lies the Basaltic layer (in green) and the Mantle (in grey)

Obsidian specimen

Agglomerate
An agglomerate is a rock formed of angular volcanic fragments. Specimen from Volcanoes 2nd edition fig 57 (top)

Plate XXXVIII: Lava curtain and royal party
Pl XXXVIII. Observation on the volcanoes of the two Sicilies, Naples, 1776 & 1779 compiled by Sir William Hamilton (1730-1803) while Ambassador to the Kingdom of Naples

Platyphysa prinsepi, freshwater snails
65 million year old freshwater snail specimens that were engulfed by lava flows. Originating from the Late Cretaceous, Nagpur, India

Krakatoa in eruption
Krakatoa during an early stage of the eruption. Plate 1 from The Eruption of Krakatoa (1888) by G. J. Symons

Devonian landscape
An impression by Bridget Kempster of the Old Red Sandstone desert of the Devonian period (417 to 354 million years ago)

Volcanic eruption
A flood basalt eruption. One of a series (including image numbers 185 to 190) showing various forms of volcanic eruption

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