Caliphate Collection

Abd-ar-Rahman III (889- 961). Emir and Caliph of Al-Andalus. Abd-ar-Rahman III and his court (1885) by Dionisio Baixeras Verdaguer (1862-1943) depicting the Caliphs reception of the monk John Gorze

Muslim women bathing in a public baths
Muslim women and children bathing in a public baths. They fill basins at spigots, wash each others hair, nurse babies and wear high wooden sandals. Bagni Pubblici

Ordono IV of Leon and Umayyad Caliph of Cordoba Al-Hakam II
Encounter that took place in Madinat al-Zahra (Cordoba) between King Ordono IV of Leon, called the Bad (926-962) and the Umayyad Caliph of Cordoba Al-Hakam II (915-976). Illustration by J. Alaminos

Alfonso VIII celebrating victory
Alfonso VIII, king of Castile (1155-1214), celebrating the victory at the Batte of Las Navas de Tolosa, 1212, against the Almohad Muslim. Spain. Lithography. Museo Militar, 1883. Later colouration

Alfonso VIII of Castile (1155-1214). King of Castile
Alfonso VIII of Castile (1155-1214), called the Noble or the one of the Navas. King of Castile from 1158 and King of Toledo. Engraving. Museo Militar, 1883. Later colouration. Date: 2019

History of Spain. Battle of Covadonga, 722. It was the first victory won by Christian military forces in Iberia after the Islamic conquest of Hispania. Illustration by Fernando Miranda

The first caliphs of the Orthodox Caliphate: Alu Bakr, Umar, Uthman and Ali, wearing turbans, reading the koran. Califfi. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by Andrea Bernieri from Giulio Ferrarios

Tombs of the Caliphs, Cairo, Egypt
Tombs of the Caliphs, situated below the Mokattam Hills in southeastern Cairo, Egypt. - Cairo Necropolis (City of the Dead). Date: circa 1903

Battle of Tours or Battle of Poitiers. Octuber 732. Miniature of Great Chronicle of France. Chateau of Chantilly. France

Islamic pottery. Taifor. Plate decorated with horse. Ceramic glaze. From Medina Elvira (Granada). 10th century. Archaeological Museum of Granada. Andalucia

Abd-ar-Rahman III (889- 961). Emir and Caliph of Al-Andalus. Portrait. Colored engraving. 19th century

Spain. Andalusia. Seville. The Gold Tower (Torre del Oro) by night. 13th century. Built by the Almohad dynasty in order to control access to Seville via the Guadalquivir river

Spain. Torrelodones. Watchtower of Torrelodones. 9th-11th centuries. Restored in the 20th century. Community of Madrid

Islamic. Abbasid period. Stucco. Vine leaves. 836-880. Samar
Islamic art. Abbasid period. Stucco. Vine leaves. 836-880. From Samarra, Iraq. Victoria and Albert Museum. London. England. United Kingdom

Medina Azahara Palace. Cordoba. Andalusia. Spain
Medina Azahara. Palace-city built by Abd-ar-Rahman III al-Nasir (912-961). Umayyad Caliph of Cordoba. Horseshoe arch. Andalusia. Spain

Spain. Andalusia. Medina-Azahara. Ruins of House of the army
Spain.Andalusia. Medina-Azahara. Fortified arab muslim medieval palace-city, built by Abd-ar-Rahman III al -Nasir (912-961). Ummayad Caliph of Cordoba. Ruins. Dar-al-Yund or House of the army

Medina Azahara. House of Viziers. Andalusia. Spain
Islamic Art. Umayyad period. Spain. 10th century. Medina Azahara (936-960). Palace city of the Caliph Abd al-Rahman III. House of Viziers. Andalusia

Spain. Andalusia. Great Mosque of Cordoba. 8th C. Moorish architecture. Exterior arches of the east wall. Horseshoe arch

Averroes (1126-1198). Andalusian Muslim polymath. Portrait
Averroes (1126-1198). Ibn Rushd. Medieval Andalusian Muslim polymath. Portrait. Averroes in his studio. Engraving at Colliget Venetis (1530). Colored

Qasr Mshatta. Ruin of an Umayyad winter palace. 8th century
Qasr Mshatta. Ruin of an Umayyad winter palace probably commisioned by caliph Al-Walid II (743-744). Jordan. Mshatta Facade. Pergamon Museum. Museum Island. Berlin

Spain. Andalusia. Medina-Azahara. Mosque of Aljama. Ruins
Spain.Andalusia. Medina-Azahara. Fortified arab muslim medieval palace-city, built by Abd-ar-Rahman III al -Nasir (912-961). Ummayad Caliph of Cordoba. Mosque of Aljama. Ruins

Great Mosque of Aleppo or Umayyad Mosque. Aleppo. Syria
Great Mosque of Aleppo or Umayyad Mosque. Seleucid minaret raised as an independent construction in 1092. Aleppo. Syria

SPAIN. Cordoba. Mezquita (Mosque). Dome of the Mihrab chapel without keystone and with eight interlaced arches. It was made during the reign of al-Hakam II, about the year 965. Hispano-Moresque art

Great Mosque of Cordoba. 8th-9th c. SPAIN. Cordoba

SPAIN. Cordoba. Medina Azahara. Detail of the arches of Abd al-Rahman IIIs Hall (10th c.). Hispano-Moresque art. Caliphate period. Architecture

Deer of Cordoba. 2nd half 10th c. Hispano-Moresque art. Caliphate period. Sculpture on bronze. SPAIN. Madrid. National Museum of Archaeology. Proc: SPAIN. Cordoba. Medina Azahara

Zamora Pyxis. 946. This pyxis has a notice explaining

SPAIN. ANDALUSIA. Cordoba. Medina Azahara. Detail of the arches of Abd al-Rahman IIIs Hall (10th c.). Hispano-Moresque art. Caliphate period. Architecture

SPAIN. ANDALUSIA. Cordoba. Medina Azahara. Medina

Great Mosque of Cordoba. 8th-9th c. SPAIN. ANDALUSIA. Cordoba. Mezquita (Mosque). Great Mosque, built by Abd al-Rahman. Hispano-Moresque art. Caliphate period. Architecture

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