Arts Collection (page 14)

Indian ink manufacture, Qing Dynasty China. Ink is made of lamp-black (burnt pine-wood, hogs-fat and oil) mixed with musk and glue, then shaped in wooden moulds

Chinese pottery firing, Qing Dynasty
Chinese pottery making: potter firing a porcelain plate in a furnace to fix the glaze on it, and a potter firing porcelain plates over an open oven

Chinese potter throwing a porcelain cup on a potters wheel, powered by an assistant. Another worker arranges cups on a board for the oven

Chinese paper making, QIng Dynasty
Chinese paper making: young bamboo shoots are stripped of their bark, beaten and soaked in river water for a fortnight. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by Andrea Freschi after Antoine Cardon

Chinese man writing with a brush at a desk, Qing Dynasty
Chinese man writing with a brush at a desk. The brush is made of rabbit hair and bamboo. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by Andrea Freschi after Antoine Cardon from Henri-Leonard-Jean-Baptiste

An itinerant bookseller selling tales and song-books for the lower orders from a stall. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by Andrea Freschi after Antoine Cardon from Henri-Leonard-Jean-Baptiste

The emperors eldest son with his wife
The emperors eldest son smoking a tobacco pipe with his wife playing the pipa and her attendant in the gardens of the Old Summer Palace, Yuanming Yuan

MIrror seller, Qing Dynasty. The mirrors are made of highly polished copper. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by Andrea Freschi after Antoine Cardon from Henri-Leonard-Jean-Baptiste Bertin

Kien Long (Qianlong) Emperor of China, sixth emperor in the Qing Dynasty (1711-1799). Handcoloured copperplate engraving by Andrea Freschi after Antoine Cardon from Henri-Leonard-Jean-Baptiste Bertin

Chinese Mahometan woman showing a toy to her son. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by Andrea Freschi after Antoine Cardon from Henri-Leonard-Jean-Baptiste Bertin

Tartar woman riding on a one-wheel barrow drawn by servants. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by Andrea Freschi after Antoine Cardon from Henri-Leonard-Jean-Baptiste Bertin

Young Licentiate or doctor riding a horse celebrating his graduation and proceeded by youths with banners showing his new rank

Old Summer Palace of Yuen Ming Yuen (Yuanming Yuan), Haidian, Peking, Qing Dynasty. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by Andrea Freschi after Antoine Cardon from Henri-Leonard-Jean-Baptiste Bertin

Bonze or Buddhist monk performing a vow to crawl on all fours with a saddle on his back. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by Andrea Freschi after Antoine Cardon from Henri-Leonard-Jean-Baptiste

Grand Lama and Tao-Tse. Tartar Buddhist monk in yellow satin robe, and Taoist monk in yellow and blue robes. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by Andrea Freschi after Antoine Cardon

Grand Lama and Lama of the eight Tartar Banners. Tartar Buddhist monks in yellow satin robes and hats. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by Andrea Freschi after Antoine Cardon

Tartar woman and child, Qing Dynasty China. She wears an embroidered silk robe and smokes a tobacco pipe, while the child pulls a toy cart

The Emperor of China in a spring ritual called
The Emperor of China with plough and oxen in a spring ritual called the Feast of Agriculture. Handcoloured copperplate engraving by Andrea Freschi after Antoine Cardon

A turner in apron using a foot-powered treadle lathe or turning bench. Handcoloured woodcut engraving from The Book of English Trades and Library of the Useful Arts, Phillips, London, 1818

Type founders making metal type near a furnace
Type founders making metal type for a printing press near a furnace. Handcoloured woodcut engraving from The Book of English Trades and Library of the Useful Arts, Phillips, London, 1818

Plumber heating lead in a fire to fix lead pipes on a building site. Handcoloured woodcut engraving from The Book of English Trades and Library of the Useful Arts, Tabart, London, 1810

Type founders making printing type in a workshop. The caster pours hot metal into letter moulds and then throws the letters to a polisher who sits at a polishing stone

Soapmaker cutting hardened soap with a copper
Soap boiler making soap in a factory. A man stirs a vat of boiling fat and ley, while another cuts the hardened soap with a copper wire in wooden frames

Straw-hat makers, women and girl, sewing hats from braided and plaited straw in a milliners shop. Handcoloured woodcut engraving from The Book of English Trades and Library of the Useful Arts

Apothecary in his shop using a mortar and pestle to prepare a medicine. Handcoloured woodcut engraving from The Book of English Trades and Library of the Useful Arts, Tabart, London, 1810

Currier shaving animal hides with a knife to make leather for shoes, boots, saddles, bookbindings, etc. Handcoloured woodcut engraving from The Book of English Trades and Library of the Useful Arts

Shipwright driving wedges into the stern of a ship
Shipwright or ships carpenter standing on a scaffold and driving wedges into the stern of a ship with a wooden trunnel. At his feet, his auger, axe and punch

Blacksmith using hammer and tongs to beat a piece of red-hot iron heated in a forge. Handcoloured woodcut engraving from The Book of English Trades and Library of the Useful Arts, Tabart, London, 1810

Sawyers cutting timber into planks with a large saw in a saw-pit. Handcoloured woodcut engraving from The Book of English Trades and Library of the Useful Arts, Tabart, London, 1810

Stone mason carving a stone with mallet and chisel on a bevel. In the background, another mason cuts a block of stone with a saw

Cooper hammering a metal hoop on a hogshead barrel. On the walls are tools such as saws, axe, spoke-shave, stock and bit, adze and auger

Hat maker ironing the brim of a hat made from beaver fur. In the background, an apprentice works the felt in a battery (hot-water kettle)

Waterman on his rowboat ferry on the River Thames, London. His coat and silver badge identify him as a skilled rower registed at Watermans Hall

Woman spinner in bonnet and apron spinning wool yarn on a spinning machine. Handcoloured woodcut engraving from The Book of English Trades and Library of the Useful Arts, Phillips, London, 1818

Wool comber using heated wool combs to pull a fine sliver of wool to be spun into yarn. Washed raw wool in a basket, and a clay comb-pot to heat the combs in the foreground

Potter making a clay vessel on a wheel driven by a labourer turning a crank. Handcoloured woodcut engraving from The Book of English Trades and Library of the Useful Arts, Phillips, London, 1818

A worker using mechanical power to press paper in a mill. Handcoloured woodcut engraving from The Book of English Trades and Library of the Useful Arts, Phillips, London, 1818

Wheelwright hammering a metal cover onto a wooden wheel in a yard. Handcoloured woodcut engraving from The Book of English Trades and Library of the Useful Arts, Phillips, London, 1818

Woman spinning yarn on a spinning wheel in front of a cottage. Handcoloured woodcut engraving from The Book of English Trades and Library of the Useful Arts, Phillips, London, 1818

Gentleman painter with paintbrush in front of an easel in his atelier. Handcoloured woodcut engraving from The Book of English Trades and Library of the Useful Arts, Phillips, London, 1818

Watch maker in apron seated at his bench making metal gears. Handcoloured woodcut engraving from The Book of English Trades and Library of the Useful Arts, Phillips, London, 1818

Trunk maker making a leather chest in his workshop. Handcoloured woodcut engraving from The Book of English Trades and Library of the Useful Arts, Phillips, London, 1818

Wool-comber combing out wool remove short fibres. Handcoloured woodcut engraving from The Book of English Trades and Library of the Useful Arts, Phillips, London, 1818

Rope maker twisting rope yarns together on a rope walk while an apprentice turns a wheel to revolve the hook. Handcoloured woodcut engraving from The Book of English Trades

Tin-plate worker in apron beating tin on an anvil with a mallet surrounded by tin buckets, pots, urns and utensils. Handcoloured woodcut engraving from The Book of English Trades

A metal worker using a wire-drawing machine to make thin wire. Handcoloured woodcut engraving from The Book of English Trades and Library of the Useful Arts, Phillips, London, 1818

English mariner with sextant on a beach in front of a lighthouse and tall ship. Handcoloured woodcut engraving from The Book of English Trades and Library of the Useful Arts, Phillips, London, 1818

Pueblo Indian drilling turquoise, New Mexico, USA
Pueblo Indian drilling turquoise for the making of necklaces, New Mexico, USA. Date: circa 1920

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