Artefact Collection

The Makapansgat Pebble
Three-million-year-old Makapansgat Pebble from South Africa. Perhaps the most ancient art object in the world. It is said to have been carried over a distance of four kilometers by Australopithecus

Venus of Brassempouy
The Venus of Brassempouy carved out of ivory some 18, 000 years ago and discovered in Brassempouy, France. Believed to have been carved during the last stage of the Upper Palaeolithic age

Neanderthal spear point
A spear point once belonging to that of Neanderthal Man (Homo neanderthalensis). This specimen was discovered in Gorhams Cave, Gibraltar

22, 000 - 30, 000 years old Venus figures
Left to right. a) In fired clay from Moravia. b) In mammoth ivory from France. The Willendorf Venus c) In limestone from Austria. d) In mammoth ivory from Ukraine

Bruce Bairnsfather merchandise
Selection of items featuring illustrations by the famous World War One cartoonist, Bruce Bairnsfather including a jigsaw with Bairnsfathers curmudgeonly soldier character Ole Bill grumbling

Relics associated with Thomas a Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury - ivory grace cup (centre), two mitres (left: Sens Abbey, Normandy; right: at one time the property of Cardinal Manning)

Method of sealing an ancient letter - Paston correspondence
Method of sealing an ancient letter, an item from the correspondence of the Paston family in the time of Henry VI and Richard III (15th century). Date: 15th century

Ancient items from the Treasury of Great Britain
Ancient items from the Treasury of the Exchequer of Great Britain, following an inventory conducted by Sir Francis Palgrave, archivist and historian - a medieval leather pouch. Date: 1840s

Etruscan vase, British Museum, London
Etruscan vase on display at the British Museum, London. Date: BCE

Gunpowder Plot, Guy Fawkes lantern, Oxford University
An artefact from the Gunpowder Plot, Guy Fawkes lantern, on display at Oxford University. 17th century

Saxon stone cross, St Michaels Church, Cropthorne, Worcs
Anglo-Saxon stone cross dating back to 825-850, in the churchyard of St Michaels Church, a Grade II listed building in Cropthorne, Worcestershire. Date: circa 1900s

Cross of Portugal, Silves, Algarve, southern Portugal -- carved from limestone, it is said to date back to the 15th century and was declared a national monument in 1910. Date: circa 1908

Found Bronzes - Archaeology
Bronzes - Archaeology - found in Galloway (1 and 2), Fairholm, Lockerbie (3), and Barnhill, Dumfries (4). 1863

JFKs Presidential Visit to Germany - Commemorative Card
A Card commemorating John F. Kennedys (1917-1963) presidential visit to Germany, with portraits of the President and Willy Brandt (1913-1992)

Flint hand axe
Photograph of a human-made hand axe, which was discovered in 1859, and is thought to be about 400, 000 years old

Engraved mammoth tusk
Mammoth tusk engraved of Grevettian age. 25, 000 - 30, 000 years ago during the Upper Palaeolithic and within the great Stone Age from Dolni Vestonice, Moravia, Czech Republic

UIGUR DYNASTY ARTEFACT
A fragment of an Uigur dynasty miniature. Date: 8 - 9 century

Painted skull of Arius sp. crucifix fish
Specimen of the skull of a crucifix fish painted to resemble a statue of Jesus Christ on the cross. Often painted and sold as curios

Flint handaxe incorporating fossil echinoid
Cast of handaxe from Middle Gravels of Swanscombe, Kent. Loaned by Merseyside Museums; NHM E6870

Communion table-cover
Exhibited at the Great Exhibition: a communion table-cover by Pegler of Leeds, a rich specimen of damask tablecloth, the design comprising a representation of the Last Supper

Berlin Gold Hat. Fine gold leaf. 1000 BC
Berlin Gold Hat. Thin gold leaf. Late Bronze Age. 1000 BC. Detail. Unknown origin, probably South Germany. Neues Museum. Berlin. Germany

Carved Hornbill Skull
Casque of a helmeted hornbill (Rhinoplax vigil) carved to depict a Chinese battle scene set in a town by a river. There also features a figure holding a flag bearing the Chinese w鮠 character

Reindeer antler from Neschers
This reindeer antler from Neschers in France is engraved with a stylised horse. It was created by early humans and found between 1830 and 1848. Date: 1830

Its a long, long way to Tipperary, WW1
Words and music of the song Its a long, long way to Tipperary with a marching column of Tommies. Music by kind permission of B. Feldman & Company. Commemorative Art. Date: circa 1914

Matchbox holder with AIF cap badge, WW1
Matchbox holder - made in Birmingham - with the Australian Imperial Force cap badge impressed upon it. On reverse, commemorating the Battle Honours of the 4th Battalion AIF

Bone knife from Papua New Guinea
Traditional bone knife of unknown age, from Sepik Highlands of Papua New Guinea. Made from tibiotarsus of Cassowary Casuarius sp

Moro Indian Chief, Philippines
A photograph taken during the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger (1872-1876) funded by the British Government for scientific purposes

The Furze Platt Hand Axe
The Furze Platt hand axe from the Acheulian culture (Lower Palaeolithic) about 400, 000 years ago. Found in Britain in 1919 the hand axe weighs 2.8 kilos and is 30.6 cm long

Karachi Frog
Watercolour by Olivia Fanny Tonge 1858-1949. 180 x 260mm. From one of sixteen sketchbooks presented to the Museum in 1952

The covering cloth of the holy carpet - Egypt Date: circa 1910s

The Japanese Court at the International Exhibition Date: 1862

Horse-head engraved on bone
Late Pleistocene wild horses head engraved on the right fourth metatarsal bone of a horse, specimen (NHM 38745). Found among horse remains from the Late Magdalenian site of Roc du Courbet, Bruniquel

Serpentine cup
A mottled serpentine ornamental cup or tazza on a black marble base. The mineral serpentine is composed of (magnesium iron silicate hydroxide)

WW1 badge - knitting garments for the Royal Navy
A badge from the First World War period recognising those who knitted comforts for men of the Royal Navy. Date: c.1915

Bonzo in search of his forefathers by George Studdy
Bonzo finds a trace of his ancestral courage in an old tapestry -- he notices his ancestor running away from a wild boar, while bigger and braver dogs confront it. Date: 1924

Limestone lamp, Magdalenian, from France
Limestone lamp of Magdalenian age, 11, 000 - 18, 000 years old (Upper Palaeolithic) from La Mouthe, France

Aurignacian tools
A bone point, probably a spearhead and a flint end-scraper tool of Aurignacian age, 30, 000 - 34, 000 years old from France

Goughs Cave artefacts
Replicas and specimens of artefacts found in Goughs Cave, Cheddar Gorge, Somerset

Limestone lamp with ibex carved on back
Limestone lamp with ibex carving, of Magdalenian age, 11, 000 - 18, 000 years old (Upper Palaeolithic) from La Mouthe, France

Venus in limestone
Figure of a woman, or Venus, engraved in limestone, Gravettian age 22, 000 - 30, 000 years old (Upper Palaeolithic) from Abri Pataud in France. Created by Cro-Magnon man

Various carved specimens
A collection of carved specimens including ivory, coral, shell, jet & tortoise shell. A collection of carved specimens including ivory, coral, shell, jet & tortoise shell

Engraved mammoth tusk
Mammoth tusk engraved of Grevettian age. 25, 000 - 30, 000 years ago during the Upper Palaeolithic and within the great Stone Age from Dolni Vestonice, Moravia, Czech Republic

Variety of Gemstones
Left to right, top: Onyx, cornelian, tigers eye, jet, turquoise, lapis lazuli, hematite, jade. Bottom: Ivory, amber, coral, cultured pearl, freshwater pearl, shell, cameo

Rusty screw

Hand-axes, blades & harpoon
The two axe-heads on the left are from the Middle Palaeolithic about 40, 000 BC; the three specimens on the right are from the Upper Palaeolithic abot 20, 000 BC (Agfa Film)

Surface of a rusty screw

Hand-axes & pebble tool
Left to right: Pebble tool from Olduvai about 1.7 million years old; hand-axe about 1 million years old; hand-axe about 350, 000 years old

Matchstick
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) image showing the fractured surface of a matchstick (x 400 on a standard 9 cm wide print)

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